SOURCE OF SUPPLY OF HORSES. 91 



Ontario, where they are being raised exclusively for this purpose, 

 thoroughly broken and conditioned when they are brought to Buffalo 

 by Canadian dealers and sold to foreign buyers. 



Trotters and pacers. — This class of horses being originally an Ameri- 

 can production, the demand is increasing very rapidly for foreign 

 trade. This is especially so in regard to Great Britain and Germany. 

 I am informed by well-informed foreign horse dealers that the demand 

 for this class of horses in the two above-mentioned countries has 

 increased nearly 50 per cent during 1897, and is only surpassed by 

 the quest for cavalry and artillery horses for army purposes. The 

 trotting or pacing horse in reality need have no particular conforma- 

 tion or requirements, except when used for breeding or exhibition 

 purposes, and, using the terms of American horsemen when describ- 

 ing this class of horses, the one great requirement is to have them 

 "get there," or, in other words, extreme speed. Horses most in 

 demand are those ranging from 15.2 to 16 hands high, color no object; 

 where used for speed or racing purposes, weight from 1,000 to 1,300 

 pounds ; must be well conformed, with great depth of shoulders and 

 hips ; must be free and pure gaited, without hitching, hobbling, inter- 

 fering, forging, or knee knocking; must not have too much knee 

 action; in fact, must go, as horsemen say, "low and close to the 

 ground ; " must be of good disposition, with plenty of endurance, and, 

 of course, the more speed the better. Horses of this class are in great 

 demand for breeding purposes in Great Britain and Germany, but 

 there the requirements are more rigid regarding conformation, indi- 

 viduality, and extended pedigree, which must be well known and 

 renowned as to speed, endurance, and producers of the same. 



SOURCE OF SUPPLY OF THE DIFFERENT CLASSES. 



All classes of van or draft horses are raised principally in the 

 States of Ohio, Iowa, Illinois, and some in the Dominion of Canada. 

 They are bred principally from imported stallions and mares of the 

 English shire, Clydesdale, and French draft breeds. The shires, 

 French, and half-bred natives of the above-mentioned breeds are the 

 most desirable for the export trade. 



Horses for cabs, tramroads, omnibuses, and other common uses 

 are principally from the States of Ohio, Illinois, Iowa, Indiana, Wis- 

 consin, and Michigan, also a few from the Dominion of Canada. These 

 horses are usually bred from a smaller class of pure-bred Nor- 

 man mares and horses, crossed with our American coach and driving 

 horses, that have an individuality of activity, the proper size (weight 

 from 1,200 to 1,400 pounds, height from 15.2 to 16 hands), and that 

 show more than ordinary speed for road purposes. 



The jobmasters (light and heavy), or what are termed American 

 coach horses, are bred in nearly every State in the Union, but princi- 

 pally come from Ohio, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Kentucky, Tennessee, 

 New York, and some from the Dominion of Canada. Horses of this 



