kinds of trees. The extensive areas in New 

 Brunswick and Maine that were cleared by the 

 fires of 1825 were in large part at once regrown 

 with aspen, most of which sprouted from the 

 roots of burned aspens. Willow is easily prop- 

 agated from a short section of the root, trunk, 

 or limb. These sections may be broken from 

 the tree by accident, be carried miles down- 

 stream, lodge on shore or shoal, and there take 

 root and grow. Beaver dams made of willow 

 poles are commonly overgrown in a short time 

 with willow. Several years ago a tornado 

 wrecked hundreds of willows along a Kansas 

 stream. Each willow was broken into scores of 

 pieces, which were carried and dropped along 

 the track of the tornado. Countless numbers 

 of them were stuck into the earth. Several 

 thousand willow trees were thus successfully 

 planted by this violent wind. 



Seeds are the chief means by which the forest 

 is extended or. produced. They are sown by 

 wind and gravity, by water, by birds and beasts. 

 I have dwelt at length upon the romance of seed- 

 scattering in "The Spell of the Rockies," in the 



215 



