Williamson’s Sapsucker 231 
measuring about °90 x °67, are laid on the wood chips 
at the bottom of the hole, between June Ist and 15th. 
If the nest is disturbed or robbed, a second set will be 
found in another site near by, about ten or fifteen days 
later. Gale only found one or two nests in dead stumps, 
but Morrison states that near Fort Lewis cotton-wood 
stumps along the river were much preferred. 
Williamson’s Sapsucker. Sphyrapicus thyroideus. 
A.O.U. Checklist no, 404—Colorado Records—Allen 72, p. 158 
(S. willitamsont) ; Trippe 74, p. 289; Henshaw 74, p. 242; 75, p. 394; 
Scott 79, p. 95; Tresz 81, p.186; Allen & Brewster 83, p. 196; Drew 
85, p. 17; Bendire 88, p. 235; 92, p.97; Morrison 89, p. 68; Kellogg 
90, p. 87; Lowe 94, p. 268 ; McGregor 97, p. 38 ; Cooke 97, pp. 84, 207 ; 
Keyser 02, pp. 76-79; Henderson 03, p. 107; 09, p. 231; Rockwell 
08, p. 164. 
Description.—Male—Above black, more glossy on the crown and 
middle of the back, more dusky on the wings and tail; a postocular 
stripe and another from the base of the bill below the eye, a few spots 
op the wing-quills, wu large patch on the coverts, and the upper tail- 
coverts all white; below, a narrow patch on the throat red, sides 
of the throat and breast black, centre of the belly yellow, flanks and 
under tail-coverts mottled black and white; iris reddish-brown, bill 
slaty, legs greyish-green. Length 8-0; wing 5-5; tail 3-3; culmen -9; 
tarsus -8. 
The female is very different. Above regularly barred with black 
and white to brownish-white, the crown-hair brown, and the upper 
tail-coverts white; below also barred, but the belly yellow as in the 
male, and a shield-shaped area on the chest black ; sometimes a little 
red on the throat. The young male is like the adult male, but has a 
white throat-patch and no red ; the young female is like the adult female, 
but has the crown and breast barred like the rest of the body. 
Distribution.— Breeding in the Rocky Mountains region from southern 
British Columbia to southern California and New Mexico, chiefly in the 
mountains ; wintering in western Texas and Mexico as far as Jalisco. 
In Colorado this Sapsucker is a far from uncommon summer resident, 
breeding in the mountains at from about 7,000 to 10,000 feet. At lower 
levels it is only a migrant. Breeding records are: Estes Park 7,000 
to 8,000 feet, W. G. Smith (Bendire), Boulder co, 8,000 to 10,000 feet 
(Gale), Idaho Springs (Trippe), Pikes Peak at 8,400 feet (Keyser), 
Breckenridge (Carter), Twin Lakes (Scott), and Fort Garland at 10,000 
feet (Henshaw). On migration it was noticed by Allen and Brewster 
