312 Birds of Colorado 
C. Pale yellow or grey below. 
a. Smaller; wing under 3-0; bill distinctly decurved. 
I. spurius, 2 et juv., p. 312. 
b. Larger; wing well over 3-0; culmen straight. 
al Rump yellowish, contrasting with the brown back. 
I. galbula, 2 et juv., p. 312. 
b! Rump greyish-brown like the back. 
I. bullocki, 2 et juv., p. 313. 
Orchard Oriole. Jcterus spurius. 
A.O.U. Checklist no 506—Colorado Records—Allen 72, pp. 150, 158 ; 
Drew 85, p. 16; Morrison 89, p. 148; Cooke 97, pp. 94, 164; H. G. 
Smith 08, p. 186. 
Description.—Head, neck, chest, upper-back, tail and wings black, 
the latter with whitish edgings to the quills and greater coverts ; rump, 
upper tail-coverts, middle and lesser wing-coverts and under-parts 
from the chest, rich chestnut-brown ; iris brown, bill black, pale at 
the base of the lower mandible; legs dark horn. Length 6-10; wing 
3-08; tail 2-65; culmen -65; tarsus -75. 
The female is dull greenish above, dusky in the centre of the back 
and on the wings, brightest on the upper tail-coverts ; below greenish- 
yellow. 
The young male resembles the female, but is brighter yellow below 
and has the lores and throat black. 
Distribution. Breeding throughout eastern North America from 
southern Ontario to Texas; in winter south to Cuba and through 
Mexico to Colombia. 
The Orchard Oriole is not uncommon throughout Kansas ; there is 
an example in the Aiken collection from Gem in Thomas co., about 
sixty miles from the Colorado border, but it is certainly very rare 
within our limits. Aiken reports (Cooke, 97) that he saw three examples 
on Beaver Creek in Fremont co. in May, 1875. Recently H. G. Smith 
has found it quite common and nesting in early June at Boyes ranch 
on Dry Willow Creek, about twelve miles south-east of Wray. 
Baltimore Oriole. Icterus galbula. 
A.O.U. Checklist no 507—Colorado Records—Allen 72, p. 150; 
Baird, Brewer & Ridgway 74 vol. iii, p. 518; Drew 85, p. 16; 
Morrison 89, p. 148; Cooke 97, pp. 95, 164; Henderson 03, p. 236; 
05, p. 421; 09, p. 284; H. G. Smith 08, p. 187. 
Description.—Head, neck, chest and upper-back wholly, wings and 
tail chiefly, black; rump and upper tail-coverts, lesser and middle 
wing-coverts and rest of the under-parts of the body rich orange- 
yellow; primary-coverts strongly tipped, remiges slightly edged 
