52 VBTBKINAET OPHTHALMOLOGY, 



]Srow, when the front of the eyeball is red, it is impor- 

 tant to know whether the congestion is superficial or 

 deep. If superficial, the redness will be conjunctival 

 and will appear as a coarse network of blood vessels 

 running over the sclerotic very irregularlj' and in no 

 order at all, or by a more uniform redness which 

 nearly conceals all the white of the globe. If the con- 

 gestion and swelling are not very great, the edge of 

 the lower lid rubbed against the globe by the finger 

 may be seen to move the vessels over the sclerotic and 

 to press the blood out of them. The inner surface of 

 the lids will be congested also, and there will be a 

 mucous or muco-purulent discharge, with probably not 

 very much photophobia. In deep, or ciliary conges- 

 tion, tl\ere is a rosy zone of straight, fine vessels,. as I 

 here draw upon the blackboard, and, as you see, resem- 

 bling the rays of a brilliant sun. Very regular, straight 

 as an engraver's lines, totally different from conjuncti- 

 val injection, which is highly irregular and of a grape- 

 vine order. These straight fine lines radiate /rom the 

 corneal margin. They are immovable under press- 

 ure through the lower lid, while the conjunctival, re- 

 member, are movable, and the blood may be pressed 

 out of them. On close inspection the rosy zone is seen 

 to lie beneath the conjunctiva, in the sclerotic. When 

 we find this form of congestion, although it may be 

 very slight, there will be, usually, pain, photophobia 

 and profuse lachryraation, and the tears will be hot. 



