J-JILJZj J_.'_'->\J-JJ.V^1\^^ 



^D-BORIXG BEETLES. HJOO 



with brushes of hair, third joint emarginate ur bilobed. fourth 

 small, rounded, united -tt-ith the fifth ; claws simple, rarely cleft. 



The larva or srrubs of the Longic- nines are white or yellowish 

 borers, -nith body tapering slightly from head to tail and possessing 

 powerful jaws which enable them to penetrate the solid or heart 

 wood of trees or slirubs. Only a few of them live in the sap wood, 

 but on dead or dying trees or in stiunps they occur beneath the bark 

 and wood, often in such numhers as to completely detach the bark. 

 They are more or less cylindrical, the joints well marked, the tho- 

 racic joints enlarged. They resemble the jrrulis of the Buprestids, 

 but are not flattened, hence are culled ' ' round-headed borers. ' ' The 

 lar\ral state usually lasts two or three years and the pupal stage is 

 passed ^Tit}lin the burrow made by the grub ; usually within a small 

 ca^-ity partitioned off by a plug of chips or mthin a crude cell 

 formed of minute gnawed fragments of wood. 



The literature treating of the Xurth American species of the 

 family is extensive and wideh' scattered. The principal papers 

 treating of the family as a whole are herewith mentioned. Others 

 dealing with isolated trilies or genera will be mentioned in their 

 proper sequence. 



HaJdeman, S'. -S. — '"Materials towards a Histnry of the Coleop- 



tera Longicomia of the L'nited States," in Trans. Amer. 



Phil. See.. X. 1845. 27-66. Corrections and additions to same 



in Proc. Amer. Phil. Soe., IV, 181:7, 371-376. 

 LcConff. — ''An Attempt to Classify the Longicorn Coleoptera 



of America North of ilexieo. " /;( Journ. Phil. Acad. Nat. 



Sei.. I, 1850. 311-310: II. 1851, 5-38; 1852. 99-112. 139-178. 

 Leng, ('. TT. — 'S^Tiopses of < Jerambycicte." in Bull. Brook. Ent. 



See.. VII. ls,~.4-.-5. and Entom. Amer., I. II, III and VI. 



1885-1890. 

 Wicliliam, H. F. — "The CeramoyeidiP of Ontario and Quebei-.'" 



in Can. Ent, XXIX, 18<i7: XXX. Isfis. 



Nearly 13,000 species of Ceramb;M:id:i^ are kno\^Ti, about 620 of 

 which are from the United States. The family is divided into three 

 subfamilies, separated by character.-, pertaining to the thorax, palpi 

 and front tibiae. The thorax may be one of two types, viz., (a) 

 "margined," when it is flattened with the edgi-s sharp and thin for 

 almost the whole length, at the same time being usually toothed ; or 

 ( 6) "not margined," when it is cylindrical or rounded on the sides, 

 which may he spined, tubereulate or plain. The palpi may (a) 

 have the terminal joint more or less compressed and subtriangular, 



