common 
compound 
two carpels adhere, as in Um- 
belliferae. 
com’mon, (Lat. commu’nis), general or 
principal, as opposed to partial ; ~ 
Bud, containing both leaves and 
flowers, or more than one flower ~ 
Bundles, those which are common 
both to stem and leaf, being con- 
tinuous from one to the other ;~ 
Calyx t = Involucre ; ~ Involu’cre, 
that belonging to the main inflor- 
escence, as of the general umbel ; 
~Name, one in popular use for a 
plant, exclusive of the scientific 
name ;~Ped’uncle, the main stalk, 
when it supports several subordin- 
ate ones, or pedicels ; ~ Per’ianth, 
occasionally used by the involucre 
as in Compositae; ~ Pet‘iole, the 
first and principal leaf-stalk in com- 
pound leaves, the secondary petioles 
being termed “‘ partial” ; ~ Recept’- 
acle, that which supports more than 
one organ ; ~ Um’bel, =compouND 
UMBEL. 
commu’‘nis (Lat.), growing in society ; 
not common, which is rendered by 
vulgaris. 
co’mose, como’sus (Lat. with much 
hair) tufted, comate. 
compact’, compact’us (Lat.), closely 
joined or pressed together. 
Compan'ion-Cells, in Phanerogams, 
cells which are associated with 
sieve-tubes and are of common 
origin, filled with granular proteid 
contents, and possessing strongly 
marked nuclei; ~ Hyphae (i¢7, a 
web), the tip of the trichogyne of 
Polystigma passing through a stoma 
into the air is accompanied by 
slender mycelial hyphae, which 
form a tuft, the so-called companion 
hyphae (De Bary). 
Compa’go, pl. Compa’gines (Lat. a 
connection), used by Wallroth in 
speaking of the Lichen-thallus 
when more or less brittle or readily 
parting into layers ; compagina’tus 
(Lat.) packed closely one over an- 
other. 
Com’pass-plants, those which’ place 
their leaves so that their surfaces 
59 
face east and west, the edges north 
and south, such as Silphium lacinia- 
tum, Linn. 
comp‘ital (compita’lis, pertaining to 
cross roads) in venation when the 
veinlets angularly intersect; also 
when the sori are on the point of 
junction. 
com’planate, complana’tus (Lat. 
levelled), flattened, compressed. 
complete’, conyple’tus (Lat. filled), hav- 
ing all the parts belonging to it or 
the type. 
Com’plex, (Lat.), interwoven fibres, 
or group of complicated parts 
(Crozier). complex’us (Lat. em- 
braced), in vernation when a leaf is 
folded over another at the sides and 
apex ; ~ cellulo’sus (Lat.), =cellular 
tissue; ~ membrana’ceus, (Lat.), 
elementary membrane, ground- 
tissue ;~ tubula’ris, (Lat.), woody 
tissue, xylem ;~utricula’ris (Lat.), 
angular cellular tissue ; ~ vas- 
cula’ris (Lat.), spiral vessels, some- 
times used for small vessels showing 
secondary deposits; complexi’vus 
=COMPLEXUS. 
com’plicate, complica’tus (complico, I 
fold together), folded upon itself. 
Composition, composit’io (Lat. putting 
together), the combination of parts 
to form the whole, as of subordinate 
parts to form an organ, or elements 
to form a substance. 
com’pound, similar parts aggregated 
into a common whole; ~ Cor’ymb, 
one having more than one flower to 
each branch; ~ Dicha’sium, thatin 
which the primary axis divides into 
secondary dichasia ; ~ Flow’er, an 
accumulation of florets as in the 
Compositae, ANTHODIUM ; ~ Fruit, 
where many distinct carpels are 
associated, as in the mulberry; ~ 
Fungus-body, growth form in which 
the thallus is constituted by the 
coherence of separate hyphal rami- 
fications ; ~ Hairs, branched or rami- 
fied hairs; ~ Inflores’cence, where 
an inflorescence is itself composed 
of secondary ones; ~ Leaf, one 
divided into separate blades; 
~ 
