fasciolaris 
Fermentation 
~8yst’em = fibro-vascular system ; 
~ Xylem = hadrome, the wood- 
elements of a bundle; fasciolaris, 
fasciola’tus, fasciated. 
fastig’iate, fustigia’‘tus (fastigium, a 
slope, a gable), (1) parallel, 
clustered and erect, as the branches 
of Populus fastigiata (Linn.); (2) 
frequently used as if it meant the 
same as fasciate; Fastigia’tion, 
when branches become more or 
less parallel with the main 
stem. 
Fat-en’zyme, an unorganized ferment 
which breaks up oils and fats. 
Father-plant, in hybrids, the pollen- 
parent or male element. 
Fatigue-substances, Recnitzer’s name 
for bodies thrown off the plant, 
which act in a restraining or poison- 
ous way on its own life; Germ., 
Ermiidungstoffe. 
Fau’ces (Lat., the throat), pl., the 
throat of a gamopetalous corolla ; 
Faux, singular, isan assumed word. 
Favel'la (? a diminutive of favus, 
honeycomb), the conceptacle of 
Ceramium, a dense terminal agglo- 
meration of spores within a thin 
colourless membrane; fave’olate, 
faveola‘tus (perhaps from favus, 
honey-comb), honey-combed, alveo- 
late ; Favellid’ium (e/d:ov, diminu- 
tive), =CysTocaRP. 
Favil’‘la, Favillidium, Lindley’s erron- 
eous spelling of FavELia, and 
FavVELLIDIUM. 
fa’vose, favo'sus (Lat.),honey-combed, 
as the receptacles of many Com- 
positae ; favo’so-areola’tus,mapped- 
out into spaces, suggestive of the 
cavities of honey-comb ; ~ dehis’- 
cens, seeming honey-combed after- 
dehiscence, as the anther of V%s- 
cum ; favo’sulus, somewhat honey- 
combed ; Fa’vus, a skin disease 
caused by Achorion Schoenleinii, 
Remak. 
feath’er-veined, with secondary veins 
proceeding from the midrib, penni- 
nerved. 
feath’ery, plumose, with long hairs 
which are hairy themselves. 
99 
Fe’cula (faecula, wine-lees), starch or 
similar substances ; fe’culent, thick 
with sediment (Crozier). 
Fecunda ‘tion ( fecundo, to make fruit- 
ful), = FEeRriizarion. 
Feed’er, (1) a host-plant; (2) in Wel- 
witschia and other Gnetaceae, an 
outgrowth of the hypocotyl, serv- 
ing as a temporary organ of absorp- 
tion; (3) used by Vines for the 
“foot” of Selaginella. 
folens (Lat., full of gall), bitter as 
gall. 
felt‘ed, matted with intertwined hairs; 
~ Tis’sue, hyphal tissue not regu- 
larly united, but more or less grown 
together ; syn. TELA CONTEXTA. 
fe’male, the fruiting element in plants, 
the pistil and its analogues, arche- 
gonia, odspheres, etc., shown by 9. 
femin’eus (Lat., womanly), female, 
as Flos ~, a flower which contains 
pistils but no stamens. 
Fence, Withering’s word for Invot- 
UCRE. 
Fenes’tra (Lat., « window), an open- 
ing through a membrane; fenes’- 
trate, fenestra’tus, _fenestra’lis, 
pierced with holes, as the septum 
in some Cruciferae. 
fer, Latin suffix from fero, I bear; 
oceurs in such words as florifer, 
bearing flowers ; sometimes found 
as -ferus, which is very rarely cor- 
rect. 
fe’ral ( fera, a wild animal), wild, or 
indigenous ; not cultivated. 
Fer’ment (fermentum, leaven), a sub- 
stance which produces or excites 
chemical changes, but not itself 
appreciably contributing to the new 
products. Ferments may be divided 
into (a) organised ~, such as yeast 
and other Schizomycetes, and (b) 
unorganised ~, or enzymes; the 
latter are related to and apparently 
derived from the proteids; their 
composition is not absolutely 
known, and their names are us- 
ually derived from the sources 
whence they are derived ; diastase, 
invertase, papain, etc.; Fermenta’- 
tion, the catalytic operation of 
