protandrous 
Protoépiphyte 
protan’drous (mpéros, first, dvi, 
avdpos, a"man), the anthers mature 
before the pistils in the same 
flower ; Protan’dry, the androecium 
ripening before the gynaecium, the 
pollen being dispersed before the 
pistils are receptive. 
protea’ceous, relating to or resembling 
the order Proteaceae. 
Protec’tive Sheath = HNDODERMIS. 
Pro’teid, (1) a group of albuminoids, 
more or less resembling albumen ; 
with water, the group of proteids 
constitute the bulk of protoplasm ; 
(2) used also for ~ Gran’ule or ~ 
Plas’tid ; ~ Ba’sis, that portion of 
protoplasm which is not composed 
of granules, it is sometimes absent ; 
~ Crys’tal=CRYSTALLOID ; ~ Gran’- 
ules, reserve materials, or aleurone 
granules; Pro’tein, a group of 
complex nitrogenous substances, 
as NUCLEIN, etc.; adj. pro’teinic; 
~ Crys'tal=CrYsTALLOID; ~ Grain 
= ALEURONE GRAIN ; proteina’ceous 
(+aceous), pertaining to protein, or 
composed of it. 
Pro’ten (Sachs) = PROTENCHYMA. 
Protench’yma (patos, first, éyxupua, 
an infusion), fundamental or ground 
tissue ; Protene’ma= PROTONEMA, 
the filamentous embryo in Mosses. 
Proteohydrol'ysis (Prorerp + HyprRo- 
Lysis), the decomposition of 
proteids by hydrolysis; adj. 
proteohydrolyt'ic ; proteolyt’ic 
(Adots, a loosing), decomposing 
proteids ; ~ En’zyme, an unorgan- 
ised ferment which is the active 
cause in breaking up proteids; 
Pro’teose, a soluble albuminoid 
found in gluten; Pro’teosomes 
(cGpa, a body), granular precipita- 
tions in the cells caused by the 
action of certain alkaloids, as 
caffeine. 
proteran’drous (mpérepos, first, dvip, 
avdos, a man), the anthers ripe 
before the pistils in the same 
flower ; protandrous, one kind of 
dichogamy (Delpino) ; Proteran’- 
dry, the condition described ; 
proteran’thous, -thus (dvOos, a 
211 
flower), where flowering precedes 
leafing, hysteranthous ; ;proterog’- 
ynous, -nus (yy, a woman), when 
the pistils are receptive before 
the anthers have ripe pollen (Del- 
pino); Proterog’ yny, the state de- 
scribed ; proteropet’alous (7éraNov, 
a flower-leaf), the state of obdiplo- 
stemonous flowers, when the epi- 
petalous whorl of stamens is the 
inner (Schumann) ; proterosep’alous 
(+ SEPALUM), as above, when the 
whorl in question is the outer. 
Prothalla‘tae (mpd, for, @adAdos, a 
sprout), Haeckel’s term for Mosses 
and vascular Cryptogams; pro- 
thal'liform (forma, shape), re- 
sembling a prothallus; Prothal’- 
lium, pl. Prothal’lia, Prothal’lus, 
a thalloid oophyte or its homo- 
logue resulting from the germina- 
tion of a spore, usually a flattened 
leafy expansion and bearing sexual 
organs; Prothallogam’ia (dos, 
marriage), Caruel’s term for the 
vascular Cryptogams. 
protis’toid (Protista = Protophyta + 
Protozoa, from mpw&rioros, the very 
first, efd0s, resemblance), in cell- 
division, not influenced by the 
cells forming part of a complex 
multicellular body (Hartog). 
Pro’toblast (aparos, first, BXacrds, a 
bud), Baillon’s term for the cell 
before the formation of a cell-wall, 
the naked mass of protoplasm ; Pro- 
tochlor’ophyll (+ CHLOROPHYLL), a 
pigment found in etiolated leaves 
with carotin and xanthophyll 
(Monteverde) ; Protochlorophyl’- 
line, wu product of reduction of 
the green principle of chlorophyll 
(Timiriazeff), cf. PRoTOPHYLLINE ; 
protococ’coid (eos, resemblance), 
resembling the algal genus Proto- 
coccus ; Protocollench’yma (+CoL- 
LENCHYMA), the earliest formed 
elements of collenchyma; Pro’- 
tocorm (xopuos, a trunk), the tuber 
of Phylloglossum and other Lyco- 
pods, the only branch which deve- 
lops into next year’s tuber ; Pro- 
toép'iphyte (+HpieHyTz), a plant 
