Sorus 
Sperm 
So'rus, pl. So’ri (cwpds, a heap), (1) 
a cluster of sporangia in Ferns ; (2) 
inSynchitrieae, a group of sporangia 
from a single swarm-cell; (3) a 
heap of soredia forming a powdery 
mass on the surface of a thallus. 
spadic’eous, spadi’ceus (omddiE, a palm- 
branch), (1) as to colour, date- 
brown ; (2) having the nature of, 
or bearing a spadix; spa’dicose, 
resembling a spadix; Spa’dix, a 
spike with a fleshy axis, as in 
Aroids. 
Span, usually about nine inches, 
between the extremities of the 
thumb and little finger, Doprans ; 
sometimes the small span of seven 
inches is intended, the space be- 
tween the thumb and middle finger 
when stretched out. 
Spanan’thus (cmavos, scarce, dvos, a 
flower), having few flowers. 
Sparga’nium-cor’tex (the genus Spar- 
ganium, + CorTEx), applied to 
fossil stems with a vertical system 
of fibrous strands which do not 
anastomose, as Medullosa. 
spart’oid (cmdpros, esparto grass, 
eldos, resemblance), used by Fayod 
for persistent mycelium which is 
corticated. 
sparse, spar’sus (Lat., spread open), 
scattered ; sparsiflo’rus (flos, floris, 
a flower), with scattered flowers ; 
sparsifo'lius (foliuwm, a leaf), with 
scattered leaves. 
Spathe, Spath'a (ord6y, w spatula), a 
large bract enclosing a flower 
cluster, usually a spadix ; ~ Valves, 
the bract-like envelopes beneath 
the flowers in certain Mono- 
cotyledons, as Allium and Nar- 
cissus; spatha’ceous, -cews (+ aceus), 
spathe-bearing, or of the nature 
oi a spathe; spathae’us, t having 
a very large spathe (Lindley) ; 
spa'thal, spa'thate, spathed, fur- 
nished with a spathe; Spathel’la, 
an old name for the glumes of 
grasses, sometimes also the paleae 
were included; Spathel’lula, a 
palea of a grass; Spathil’la, t a 
secondary spathe, as in the 
inflorescence of Palms ; spa'those, 
spathe-like ; spath’ulate, spathu- 
Ja'tus, spat’ulate, oblong, with the 
basal (proximal) end attenuated 
like a druggist’s spatula. 
Spawn, mycelium. 
Spe’cies (Lat., a shape, kind, or sort), 
the particuler kind, the unit in 
classification, the aggregate of all 
those individuals which have the 
same constant and distinctive 
characters; they may be distin- 
guished as biolog’ic ~, morpho- 
log’‘te ~, or physiolog’ic ~, ac- 
cording to the basis of discri- 
mination ; ~ Hy’brid, a hybrid 
between two species of the same 
genus ; ~ Soror’es, Schréter’s term 
for any two species of Uredineae 
which inhabit two distinct hosts, 
but show no morphological differ- 
ence, as in Puccinia; specif'ic, 
relating to a species; ~ Cen’tre, 
the particular spot where the 
species is supposed to have origin- 
ated ; ~ Char’acter, the diagnostic 
which separates one species from 
another; ~ Name, the Latin ap- 
pellative appropriated to a given 
species, usually an adjective, but 
sometimes a substantive used ad- 
jectivally. 
Spec’imen (Lat., an example), a plant 
or portion of one, prepared for 
botanic study, 
spec’'tans (Lat., looking), “se in- 
vicem spectantia folia,” = opposite- 
leaved. 
Spec’trophore (spectrum, an appear- 
ance, gopéw, I carry), apparatus 
designed by Reinke to determine 
the action of the different rays of 
light in the elimination of oxygen 
by plants. 
Speir’anthy (c7etpa, a twist, dvdos, w 
flower), when a flower assumes as 
twisted form. 
Speire’ma (c7eipnua, a fold or coil), 
in Lichens, a gonidium. 
Sper’gulin, a fluorescent substance 
occurring in the seeds of Spergula. 
Sperm (o7répya, a seed) Cell, a male 
reproductive cell, as (a) an anther- 
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