Spirillum 
sporangiophorous 
uncoil when moistened, as in 
Collomia ; Spiril’lum, pl. Spiril’la, 
(1) » term for ANTHEROZOID ; (2) 
also see next ; Spirobacter‘ia, pl. (+ 
Bacterium), bacteria which form 
spirally curved filaments, as the 
genus Spirillum, Cohn; Spirofi- 
pril’lae, pl. (cf. Fieri), Fayod’s 
term for the spirally twisted 
hollow threads which he asserts 
constitute all living protoplasm ; 
Spi’roism, the coiling of an organ 
in development (Morren) ; Spirolo’- 
beae (AoBds, a lobe), Cruciferae 
which have cotyledons folded 
transversely and radicle dorsal ; 
spirolo’bous, with the cotyledons 
spirally rolled up, shown thus 0 || ||; 
Spi'rospart (o7apros, sown, scat- 
tered), hypothetically the finest 
spirals of hyaloplasm, which con- 
stitute the SPIROFIBRILLAE(Fayod). 
Spith’ama (o7dauy, a span), a span 
of seven inches, from the tip of 
the thumb to that of the fore- 
finger; spithamae’us (Mod. Lat.), 
measuring a short span. 
splen’dens (Lat., gleaming), glitter- 
ing or shining. 
Splint, a forester’s term for ALBUR- 
Num or Sapwood. 
split, cleft or divided, parted; ~ 
Fruit = CremocarP; ~ Lay’er, 
a loose felt of hyphae in Geaster, 
connected with the inner peridium, 
and torn into flakes at maturity. 
spodoch’rous (o7odds, ashes, xpéa, 
colour), of a grey tint. 
Spong’elet = SPONGIOLE ; Spong’iole 
(spongia, w sponge), a name given 
to the root-tip, formerly thought 
to be a special absorbing organ, the 
Epiblema of Schleiden ; Spong'iola 
radica'lis, De Candolle’s name for 
the root-cap; ~ pistilla’ris, the 
extremity of the pistil, the stigma ; 
~ semina’lis, the caruncle of certain 
seeds ; spongio’sus (Lat.), spongy, 
soft ; spong’y, having the texture 
of a sponge, cellular and contain- 
ing air, as in many seed coats; ~ 
Cor’tex, cortical tissue with air- 
bearing intercellular spaces, fre- 
248 
quent in water-plants ; ~ Parench’- 
yma, loosely aggregated tissue, or 
having conspicuous intercellular 
spaces, 
Sponsa’lia (Lat., espousals), Planta’r- 
um, t = ANTHESIS; the fertilization 
period. 
sponta’neous (spontaneus, voluntary) 
Genera’tion, the assumed origin of 
living organisms from non-living 
matter. 
spoon form, ‘‘ having the inner surface 
of a leaf concave or dish-shaped, 
as the outer leaves of a cabbage- 
head” (Crozier), 
Spor’a (o7opa, a seed), = SPORE; ~ 
cellulo’sa, ~ compos‘ita, ~ multi- 
locula’ris = SPORIDESM; spor’al, 
relating to a spore; ~ Arrest’, par- 
tial or complete arrest of the 
development of the spores them- 
selves, and consequent loss of 
reproductive function (Bower). 
sporadic (cmopadixds, dispersed), 
widely dispersed or scattered. 
Spor’ange, Sporan’gium (o7ropd, a 
seed, dyyelov, a vessel), (1) a sac 
endogenously producing SPores ; 
(2) = ‘‘sometimes applied to the 
volva among Fungals ” (Lindley) ; 
Sporangid’ium, (1) the columella of 
Mosses; (2) ‘“‘the spore-case of 
certain Fungals” (Lindley) ; Spor- 
ang’iole, Sporan’giola or Sporan’- 
giolum, (1) a small sporangium in 
Mucorini produced in addition to 
the larger sporangia ; (2) formerly 
used for Ascus; (3) organs of an 
endophyte in Selaginella, composed 
of filaments rolled into the shape 
of a ball (Janse) ; (4) Sporangiolum 
is used in a double sense by Lindley 
(a) for spore, (b) a case containing 
sporidia ; Sporangioliferum (/fero, 
I bear), the axis on which the 
thecae of Ferns are borne (Lindley); 
sporangif’erous, bearing sporangia ; 
Sporan’giophore, Sporangioph'orum 
(gopéw, I carry), a sporophore 
bearing a sporangium, such as the 
sporophyll in Lqguisetum, or the 
columella in Ferns ; sporangioph’- 
orous, bearing sporangiophores ; 
