102 How TO Grow Cut Flowers 



is well known, they are nearly always present in sod, 

 and sometimes when the supply has run short and I 

 have been obliged to cut some just before planting, it 

 has been thoroughly examined and if any were found 

 every portion of it has been carefully handled and all 

 the grubs destroyed. This is slow work and should be 

 avoided, but it must be done where soil is for any reason 

 provided late in the season, or a whole crop may be 

 ruined. Other means of prevention will be found under 

 the head of " The Preparation of Soil." 



It is doubtful if anything in the line of insect ene- 

 mies has ever caused more anxiety to rose growers, 

 where they have obtained a strong foothold, than has 

 the insect which causes what is known as Club Root. 

 See Fig. 27. 



Evidently this is no new disease, it having been ob- 

 served in various species of plants, and occasionally 

 roses have been subject to it in individual cases. It is 

 the cause that is new, and for its discovery we are in- 

 debted, I believe, to Prof. Halstead, of New Jersey, and 

 the illustration of it used here is the same as used by 

 him in his description of it in a recent number of the 

 American Florist. 



He found the cause to be a worm formed somewhat 

 like an eel, and invisible to the naked eye. The knots, 

 or lobes, on the roots are their house, and here they live 

 and multiply. The writer remembers to have seen what 

 he now believes to have been the same thing, many 



