The Car.nation. 157 



observed; but, as already stated, these failures were due 

 mainlj' to changing to such varieties as had not been 

 previously proved, but which had succeeded in other 

 localities, and in other soils. My experience has been 

 that cuttings made in December, potted and kept in a 

 temperature of from 50° to 55° until shifted to a two 

 and a half or three-inch pot, gave the best results, as 

 when this shift is given, the centre can be removed, 

 causing eyes to break from the base of the plant, and 

 if allowed to remain in the same temperature until 

 the new roots begin to push, the plants can then be 

 removed to a cold house or frame. This not only 

 relieves benches always needed at that season of the 

 year, but gives the plant a short period of rest, hardens 

 and fits it for being placed in the open ground without 

 injury, as soon as the season opens sufficiently. 



Early planting, especially in warm latitudes, is one of 

 the great essentials, otherwise root action will not be 

 well established with the advent of dry or warm weather, 

 rendering the plant liable to a feeble stunted growth. 

 For soil, the best in my opinion for field growth, is an 

 upland light loam that was thoroughly manured the 

 previous season, no fertilizer whatever being used the 

 year of planting, unless it be wood ashes, bone meal, or 

 some known and proved commercial fertilizer that will 

 not increase the dryness of the soil. Plant in squares 

 fourteen by fourteen inches, so they can be worked 

 both ways with a hand cultivator. Care should be had 



