Violets. 189 



in September from cuttings, or by a division of both 

 the old and new growth in spring. In either case the 

 young plants should be potted and kept cool until the 

 ground can be worked in early spring, when they should 

 be planted. The soil should be in a good state of cul- 

 tivation, and if that removed from the rose houses is 

 spread one or two inches deep and worked into the beds 

 where violets are to be planted, it will be beneficial to 

 them. The distance at which they should be planted 

 depends upon the amount of land at one's disposal, and 

 the mode of cultivation it is desired to adopt. If for a 

 wheel hoe, fourteen inches each way will be sufficient; if 

 by a horse cultivator, eight inches in the row by three feet 

 between. All runners should be removed during the 

 season of growth, but discrimination must be made be- 

 tween thin runners and the formation of new crowns, 

 and by September there should be from four to eight of 

 these bud producers surrounding the original plant. 

 Many living south of the snow line prefer to flower them 

 in frames, chiefly because the preparation for doing so 

 can be made at less expense, but in all parts of the 

 north the great inconvenience attending their protec- 

 tion from frost in frames, the regulation of temperature, 

 as well as largely increased labors through heavy falls 

 of snow, render house cultivation the more desirable 

 method. Houses ten feet wide facing the south, with 

 roof of equal span, and a walk in the centre, are mucli 

 used. This form of building depends upon location. 



