68 ENDOSPOEiE. [PHTSARELLA 



described as being similar to F. septica, but with darker spore, 

 (violet-black or almost black), 9-16 /i, average 10 /a; accordinj 

 to Raciborski it is a form of tbe latter species (see Hedw. 1887 

 p. 111). The character of the spores appears to place it rathe: 

 under F. ochracea. 



Genus 5.— CIEWKOWSKIA Eostafinski, Yersuch, p. 9 (1873) 

 Sporangium-wall cartilaginous at the base; capiUitium a loos( 

 network of rigid threads with many free, curved, sharp-pointec 

 branchlets, connected with flat perforated calcareous platei 

 attached at their margins to the sporangium-wall. 



1. C. reticulata Eost., Versuch, p. 9 (1873). Plasmodium 

 Sporangia consisting of winding branched cylindrical plasmodio 

 carps, sometimes forming a net, attached by a narrow basal kee 

 to the substratum ; 0'5 mm. diam., yellow-brown with transverse 

 pale ridges, blotched with crimson ; sporangium- wall orange-yellow 

 membranous above, cartilaginous below, marked with the bases o: 

 the calcareous plates of the capiUitium. Columella none. Oapil 

 litium consisting of flexuose, branching, rigid, yellow hyalinf 

 threads, lirregularly anastomosing, with numerous free sharp- 

 pointed uncinate branchlets, and of lime-deposits in the form oi 

 flat, perforated, pale yellow»plates disposed transversely to the axis 

 of the sporangium and connected by broad or narrow attach 

 ments to the sporangium-wall ; occasionally with irregular lime 

 knots intermixed. Spores clear violet-brown, minutely spinulose 

 9 to 11 fjL diam. — Eost., Mon., p. 91 ; Cooke, Mjx. Brit., p. 11, 

 fig. 107 ; Mass., Mon., p. 337. Thysarwm reticulatvm Alb. iS 

 Schw., Consp. Fung., p. 90 (1805). 



Plate XXV., A. — a. plasmodiocarp, x 2 ; J. portion of plasmodiocarp, ii 

 part broken, and showing the parallel plates of lime among the spores, x 20 

 e. capiUitium and spores, x 280 ; d. spore, x 600 (Sibbertoft, England). 



Hah. On dead wood. — Sibbertoft, Leicestershire (L:B.M.43) 

 France (Edin. Herb.) ; Gfermany (Strassb. Herb.) ; Java (K. 1772). 



Genus 6.— PHYSARELLA Peck, in Bull. Torr. Bot. CI., ix.^ 

 p. 61 (1882). Sporangia stipitate, shortly cylindrical, perforatec 

 by a deep umbilicus. CapiUitium of delicate parallel threads 

 with minute fusiform lime-knots and stout spine-like processes 

 projecting perpendicularly from the sporangium-waU. 



1. P. mirabilis Peck, I.e. Plasmodium rich yellow. Tota 

 height 3 mm. Sporangia shortly cylindrical, inclined, 0*8 mm 

 long, 0'6 mm. broad, gregarious, stipitate, perforated by a deej 

 umbilicus, which is continuous with the hollow stem, greenish oi 

 reddish-yellow. Sporangium-waU thickened with innate deposits 

 of yellow hme-granules and studded with the bases of the spine- 

 like processes of the capiUitium, at length dehiscing round the 

 margin of the cylinder, and recurving in stellate lobes from the 

 waU of the umbilicus, which persists to form a hollow pseudo 

 columella. Stalk cylindrical, slender, broader at the base, striate 



