98 HOW THE HORSE LEARNS 



In order to teach him the movement of going 

 •forward a;t the sound of the voice which it is de- 

 sired to use as a signal to put him in motion, to 

 make him advance, short intermittent pulls are 

 made with the lounge which are invitations to in- 

 duce him to advance and to them is associated 

 that sound of voice and if he does not understand 

 or does not wish to advance the association of 

 menace or of having him touched with the whip 

 behind is added. In this way we give him the 

 association of the voice sound which is to be the 

 signal for advancing with the action of advancing 

 to perform which he is invited by intermittent pulls 

 with the lounge and compelled by threats or the 

 tis© of the whip behind. 



The means of teachmg are the various 

 aids and punishments. 



The means of teaching him are the varions 

 aids and punishments which we must apply for 



