HOW THE HORSE LEARNS 145 



He must first be given the idea of traversing 

 by compelling him with the reins to place himself 

 in traverse, must afterwards be taught the material 

 action of traversing by compelling him to traverse, 

 and then we must teach him to carry out the 

 action of traversing to the aids of the reins and 

 pressure of the leg. 



If it is attempted to teach him to traverse by 

 dint of punishments whilst his body is not prepa- 

 red and he does not know how, he is surprised 

 and disturbed by it, and feels pain in the legs, and 

 if he is of a timid nature he experiences fear and 

 dislike, or if he is of a spirited nature he is irri- 

 tated by it and makes oppositions and reactions. 



Teaching the horse to advance at a given sound 

 of the voice. 



The first things to be taught the horse are : 

 to move forward quietly at a walk on being 

 drawn forward by the lounges and at a given sound 

 of the voice which it is desired to use as a signal 

 to make him advance; 



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