HOA¥ OBEDIENCE IS TAUGHT 203 



should not remain in an inimical mood. Our supe- 

 riority over the horse is founded : — on his sensiti- 

 veness to and fear of punishment ; — on his seeing 

 that he is prevented from doing what he would 

 wish ; — on his excitability to motion at the least 

 instigation and the least punishment. 



Impunity is an inducement to crime. For this 

 reason it is needful that he should see that on 

 disobeying he receives punishment and it is like- 

 wise needful that the punishment should have the 

 effect of giving him pain so that he may be afraid 

 of its being inflicted. Erom this arises the idea of 

 authority over his mind. If he does not appreciate 

 and does not fear punishment, the horse will do 

 what he likes because there cannot be inflicted 

 upon him the pain which Avould induce him to 

 obedience in order to avoid it. Without fear of 

 punishment tliere is no possibility of subordination 

 and obedience. 



The act of preventing him from obeying his 

 own impulses likewise, although it is not an active 

 measure like punishment, largely assists in giving 

 him the idea that we are superior in strength to 



