BOW OBEDIENCE IS TAUGHT 215 



Erom this moment onwards there will be no 

 more oppositions and reactions if we proceed with 

 the necessary gradation, and in a manner suited 

 to the individual mental and physical nature of the 

 horse being instructed. In the beginning his oppo- 

 sitions and reactious should be tolerated, we moving 

 around him in such a way as to avoid being atta- 

 cked, and treating him passively by preventing 

 only what we can, and never punishing him with 

 the whip in order not to excite his anger as pu- 

 nishment with the whip Avould make him think 

 that we are his enemies and he could not acquire 

 trust and confidence in us. 



Kare and moderate cavesson aids alone must 

 be used as they have an imposing effect witliout 

 irritating or exciting anger and therefore reactions 

 as do the whip punishments. If the first move- 

 ment of resistance and every other act of revolt is 

 punished with the whip he only revolts the more, 

 whilst if they are not punished but are taken no 

 notice of, he in most cases abandons them. 



Most cases of opposition and reactions are over- 

 come by patience, by not taking any notice of 



