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« MeficUons » are acttons of the horse directed 

 agaittst the rider, who by hiis aids requires him to 

 perforin some movement, or by his punishments 

 seeks to force hiln to make this movement. They 

 may even be made with the idea of attacking. 

 They may be called reactions because the horse 

 acts against the actions of the rider which excite 

 and provoke him to revolt against them. These 

 material reactions are manifestations of mental 

 opposition, of resentment, of anger, of hatred to- 

 wards the rider. 



The horse which has acquired the habit of ma- 

 king one or more i-eactions on the application of 

 some aids or punishments or in some particular 

 circumstances or places is called vicious. He has 



