154 



SALMONID^ 01? BRITAIN. 



Fig. 27. Head, | natural size, of female 

 salmon-trout, 12-3 inolies long. 



Fig. 28. Head, J natural size, of male 

 salmon-trout, 20 inches long. 



The race of Sea trout* generally considered as our northern one,t is also known 

 as the Salmon or Bull trout ; Gray salmon of the Tweed ; Round-tail in the Annan ; 

 Scurf, Scurve, or Salmon-scurf of the Tees, likewise as Gochivie near the mouth of 

 that river ; Fordwich trout (cs3C. 60) ; Candlemas gray, a kelt in Cumberland and 

 Westmoreland. I In the grilse-stage in Scotland, as PJiinoc or FinnocJc,^ Herling, 

 Moudie-trout, or in the northern English rivers as Whitlings or Whitings,\\ also 

 Lammasmenii in the Edinburgh market for August ones, while some unclean sea- 

 trout are termed thus in the river Allan, and gull of August, and mort of the 

 Cumberland rivers. White trout, Ireland. In the smolt-stage, as Sprod, in Cumber- 

 land, also sea-trout grilse are sometimes so termed ; while the^ par in Scotland and 

 those becoming smolts are known as Orange-fins or Yellow-fins, Blach-tails, Silver- 

 whites, Silver-grays and Burn-tails in the Tyne, and in Cumberland as Smelt-sprods 

 and Herring-sprods. A correspondent of Land and Water (March 27th, 1880), gave 

 the following as the Gaelic names of salmon-trout in the north of Scotland : geal- 

 bhreac and hricean, and sea-trout as ireac-sail and hreac-mara, and salmon-fry as 

 min-iasg and siol-hradain, and trout of any kind as hreac or bricean — also of 

 salmon-trout in Ireland as colagan. 



B. x-sii, D. 12-14 (^_tV) I 0, P. 13-14, V. 9, A. 11-13 (f:^), C. 19-21, L 1. 

 115-130, L t. ff:|i Vert. 57-60, Ca3c. pyl. 33-61. 



Body rather elongated, but not so elegantly shaped as in the salmon, being 

 thicker and shorter in proportion : the abdominal profile more curved than that 

 of the back. The proportions of one part of the body to the remainder vary con- 

 siderably, while the head is longer in males than in females; irrespective of which, 

 there appears to be a disposition in some forms to have abnormally longer or 

 shorter heads, in fact, to form a longer or shorter headed i-ace. The young in 

 many respects are similar to those of the salmon, but with the pectoral fins always 

 shorter. Length of head in adults 4j to 5j, of caudal fin from 7i to 8, height of 

 body from 4^ to 5| in the total length. Eyes — diameter about 6| to 7f in 

 examples exceeding 15 inches in length, about 2 to 2^ diameters from the end of 

 the snout, and the same distance apart : they are comparatively much larger in the 



* The term Salmon-trout was originally employed under the impression that some form (? all) 

 of sea trout were hybrids between the salmon and the trout. 



t Salmo trutta {see synonymy, p. 149 ante). 



I Gandlerms, or the Feast of Candles, held on February 2nd. 



§ Fhinok, Mr. Orr states, means " yeUow fin." 



I) The term Whitling in a few localities appears to be employed for sea trout larger than whan 

 in the grilse stage : while some of the terms given as applicable to smolts of this form are 

 in other places used for their grilse condition. Stoddart observed that, if breeding, it is called a 

 Bill in the Tweed and Esk. 



% Lammas, loaf, mass, or feast, a festival of first-fruits, celebrated on August 1st. 



