112 THE NEW ART OF BREEDING FISH. 



is their general application according to proper for- 

 mulae. 



The breeding of salmon, by artificial means, is 

 now considered the last resource to replenish salmon 

 rivers, formerly abounding in salmo salar, or true 

 salmon — ^the genus salmo, the head of all the species 

 and varieties of the salmon, known as salmonidce, oif- 

 shoots of the /ores et origo of the race, and embrac- 

 ing every kind of trout from the salmo ferox to the 

 smallest of rivulet trout, viz., the diminutive par. 

 The artificial breeding of salmon has- been taken up 

 by the French Government, and placed under the 

 surveillance, of "le Ministre de I'Interieur, de l' agri- 

 culture, et du commerce," and under the practical ap- 

 plication of M. Coste, " Membre de I'Institut, Profes- 

 seur au College de France," and of MM. Berthot and 

 Detzen, " ingenieurs du canal du Rhone au Rhin." 

 The labours, and their results, of all these natural- 

 ists, together with those of our own, Messrs. Shaw, 

 Andrew Young, Boccius, Milne-Edwards, are detailed 

 in a work, entitled, Instructions Pratiques sur la 

 Pisciculture, suivies de Memoires sur le mime suj'et, 

 by the Monsieur Coste already mentioned. As yet 

 no encouragement has been given to the breeding of 

 salmon artificially by the English Government within 

 the British isles. Earl Grey did, and the Duke of 

 Newcastle does, favor and support an attempt to 

 transfer salmon to the rivers of Van Dieman's Land, 

 by artificial means, under the direction of Mr. Gott- 

 lieb Boccius. One attempt has failed, Mr. Boccius 



