ANIMALS IN BRINE SPRINGS. 



145 



Indies, has long been known, which, like Neritina Matonia, 

 (Eisso) at Nice, lives in the sea. I brought a great niTmber of 

 marine Neritinse from the Philippines, the Pelew Islands and 

 China, which from their variations are of the highest interest. 

 I have also found a few species of Melania in brackish water ; 

 several species of Lymncea and a Neritina live at Bornholm in 

 the Baltic, in spots where the water contains from 1 to 1'5 per 

 cent, of salt. The Oligochjetous Annelida, to which the earth - 

 worm belongs, are typical fresh- water or land forms ; neverthe- 

 less, at least nine or ten species are known which live on the 

 sea-shore in salt water ; they belong to the genera Scenuris, 



Fig. 36. —Pachydrilus sp., liTing in the Salines of Kissingen. It belongs to a gronp of 

 worms, Oligoch(Eta, wLich is priucipally confined to fresh water. 



EnchytrcBUS, Tubifex, and others. Marion, at Marseilles, has 

 discovered a new genus nearly allied to the common earth- 

 worm, which he has called Pontodrilus ; this worm lives there 

 under stones and decaying tangle, far from all fresh water, and 

 below high-water mark, so that it ia apparently alternately 

 moistened by salt water and fresh (rain) water. In the veiy 

 strong brine springs of Kissingen, I myself have found a new 

 species of the genus Pachydrilus (fig. 36), of which Claparfede 

 found another species — on which he founded the genus — in the 

 brine of Kreuznach ; they are remarkably near to the fresh- 

 water form, Tubifex. Finally, I will mention that the common 

 stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, which usually lives in 



