CHAPTER VII 



THE INDUSTRIES OF ANIMALS 



I. Hunting — 2. Shepherding — 3. Storing — 4. Making of Homes 

 5. Movements 



It is likely that primitive man fed almost wholly upon fruits. 

 His early struggles with animals were defensive rather than 

 aggressive, though with growing strength he would become 

 able for more than parrying. We can fancy how a band of 

 men who had pursued and slain some ravaging wild beast 

 would satisfy at once hunger and rage by eating the warm 

 flesh. Somehow, we know, hunting became an habitual art. 

 We can also fancy how hunters who had slain a mother animal 

 kept her young alive and reared them. In this or in some 

 other way the custom of domesticating animals began, and 

 men became shepherds. And as the hunter's pursuits were 

 partially replaced by pastoral life, so the latter became in 

 some regions accessory to the labours of agriculture, with 

 the development of which we may reasonably associate the 

 foundation of stable homesteads. Around these primary 

 occupations arose the various human industries, with division 

 of labour between man and woman, and between man and 

 man. 



These human industries suggest a convenient arrange- 

 ment for those practised by animals. For here again there 

 are hunters and fishers — beasts of prey of all kinds — pursuing 

 the chase with diverse degrees of art; shepherds, too, for some 

 ants use the aphides as cows ; and farmers without doubt, 



