HALOID ELEMENTS UPON BACTERIA. 179 
spirillum were placed under a bell jar beside iodoform powder 
no development occurred, but when they were removed colonies de- 
veloped, showing that the spirilla were not killed. 
Iodoform Ether, according to Yersin, is fatal to the tubercle ba- 
cillus in one-per-cent solution in five minutes. Cadéac and Meunier 
found that a saturated solution required thirty-six hours to kill the 
bacillus of typhoid fever. 
Jodol.—In experiments made by the writer (1885) this agent was 
found to be without germicidal power. Riedlin found it without any 
action, even upon the cholera spirillum. 
Hydrofluoric Acid, H¥1.—From a series of experiments made 
with this gas, Grancher and Chautard arrive at the conclusion that 
‘the direct and prolonged action of hydrofluoric acid upon the tuber- 
cle bacillus diminishes its virulence but does not kill it.” 
Sozotodol Acid,according to Drier, is a phenol, in which two atoms 
of hydrogen are replaced by two of iodine and one atom by the group 
HSO,. This acid and its salts with soda, potash, zinc, and mercury 
have been tested by the author named. The acid and its salt with 
mercury were found to destroy the cholera spirillum in two hours’ time 
in two-per-cent solution. A two-per-cent solution of phenol would 
have accomplished the same result and in lesstime. Tribromphenol, 
according to Drader, is less active than sozoiodol acid; and it appears 
from the experimental evidence on record that combinations of 
iodine, chlorine, or bromine with phenol are less active that the 
haloid elements alone. According to Karpow (1893) monochlor- 
phenol, tested upon anthrax spores attached to silk threads, proved 
to be decidedly more active than phenol. 
Nosophen (tetraiodphenolphthalein), according to Lieven (1895) 
contains sixty-one per cent of iodine. It is entirely insoluble in 
water. When added to nutrient gelatin in the proportion of one- 
quarter per cent it prevented the development of the anthrax bacillus 
and of Staphylococcus aureus, but failed to prevent the development 
of Bacillus pyocyaneus (Lieven). 
