ESSENTIAL OILS, ETC. 205 
shown to have considerable antiseptic value—1: 2,000 restrained the 
development of streptococci; 1: 500 of the diphtheria bacillus; 1: 20 
of Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus; 1:33 the bacillus of typhoid 
fever. Streptococci and diphtheria bacilli were destroyed in twenty- 
four hours by a solution of 1: 200; Staphylococcus aureus, subjected 
to the action of pure ichthyol, was destroyed in five hours—in a five- 
per-cent solution it survived for four days. Cultures of the typhoid 
bacillus mixed with a fifty-per-cent solution were not completely 
sterilized in thirty hours; a small number of bacilli in bouillon were, 
however, destroyed by a three-per-cent solution in forty-eight hours. 
Anthrax spores on silk threads were not destroyed by a fifty-per-cent 
solution at the end of one hundred and forty days. 
Indol.—When added in excess to water this agent failed to de- 
stroy anthrax spores in eighty days (Koch). 
Izal is a coal-tar product which has recently been introduced as 
a disinfectant. Klein (1892) reports that in the strength of ten per 
cent it kills anthrax spores in fifteen minutes. In the absence of 
spores various pathogenic bacteria were killed in five minutes by a 
solution containing 1: 200. 
Lanolin.—According to Gottstein, various microérganisms tested 
by him failed to grow in cultures after having been in contact with 
pure lanolin for five to seven days. 
Loretin.—Korff (1895) claims for this agent that a two-per-cent 
solution is superior to corresponding solutions of lysol, metakresol, 
or phenol, and that it has the advantage of being non-toxic, odorless, 
and non-irritating. 
Lysol.—Weiss (1895) has tested this product and reports that a 
solution of three-fourths per cent destroyed his.test organisms (pus 
cocci, typhoid bacillus, Bacillus coli communis, etc.) in five minutes. 
Anthrax spores were destroyed by the same solution in one hour. 
Naphthol.—In the proportion of 1: 10,000 naphthol prevents the 
development of the glanders bacillus, the anthrax bacillus, the typhoid 
bacillus, the micrococcus of fowl cholera, of Staphylococcus aureus 
and albus, and of several other microdrganisms tested by Maximo- 
vitch. The same author states that although insoluble in cold water, 
water at 70° C. dissolves 0.44 in one thousand parts. When urine is 
shaken up with naphthol in powder it does not undergo fermenta- 
tion. 
In the experiments of Foote hydronaphthol was found to show 
some germicidal power in the proportion of 1: 2,300, but the conclu- 
sion is reached that a saturated aqueous solution (1: 1,150) does not 
equal a one-per-cent solution of carbolic acid or of creolin. 
The writer, in 1892, obtained the following results in experiments 
with naphthols upon the cholera spirillum. 
