228 MUDES OF ACTION. 
to endocarditis, ete. Again, méved infection may be induced by 
injecting simultaneously into susceptible animals two species of path- 
ogenic bacteria. 
Bumm, Bockhart, and others have reported cases of mixed gonor- 
rhceal infection in which the pyogenic micrococci gave rise to ab- 
scesses in the glands of Bartholin, to cystitis, parametritis, or to 
“ vonorrheeal inflammation ” of the knee joint. Babes gives numer- 
ous examples of mixed infection in scarlet fever and in other diseases 
of childhood. Anton and Fiitterer have studied the question of 
secondary infection in typhoid fever. Karlinski has reported a case 
of secondary infection with anthrax in a case of typhoid fever, infec- 
tion occurring by way of the intestine. Many other examples of 
secondary or mixed infection are recorded in the recent literature of 
bacteriology and clinical medicine, but enough has been said to call 
attention to the importance of the subject. 
The researches of Rémer, Kanthack (1892), and others show that 
the injection of the filtered products of certain bacteria (Bacillus 
pyocyaneus, Vibrio Metchnikovi, etc.) produces a decided leucocy- 
tosis in the animals experimented upon. And a similar result, prob- 
ably from a like cause, has been shown by recent experiments to 
occur in pneumonia (Billings) and other infectious diseases. 
Certain bacterial products have been shown by experiment to pro- 
duce fever when injected into the circulation or beneath the skin of 
lower animals; others produce rapid respiration, dilatation of pupils, 
diarrhoea, and paralysis or convulsions (typhotoxin of Brieger, 
methyl-guanidin, etc.) ; the toxic effects of some are immediate and 
of others more or less remote (toxalbumin of diphtheria) ; others have 
a primary toxic effect which is followed after a time by toxic symp- 
toms of a different order (Pneumobacillus liquefaciens bovis). 
