338 PROTECTIVE INOCULATIONS. 
In the Bulletin of the Central Society of Veterinary Medicine of May 
24th, 1894, M. Robcis reports the results of inoculations made with 
cultures of Arloing’s Pnewmobacillus liquefaciens bovis, and with in- 
jections of pulmonary serum. His statistics with reference to the 
last-mentioned “legal” inoculations he has obtained from official 
documents relating to the Department of the Seine. 
The total number of infected localities in this department during 
the years 1885 to 1891 was 1,253; total number of contaminated ani- 
mals, 18,356; total number inoculated, 18,359; total number of deaths 
prior to inoculation, 1,753; total number of deaths after inoculation, 
2,741; total number of deaths due to the inoculation, 94; total per- 
centage of mortality, 22.8 per cent. After discussing these and other 
statistics Robcis arrives at the conclusion that Arloing’s method of 
preventive inoculations with cultures of the Pnewmobacillus liquefaciens 
bovis gives better results than the legal method with serum from an 
infected animal, the total loss among animals exposed to contagion 
not being over twelve to fourteen per cent. 
Nocard (1892) says that serum from the lungs of an animal dead 
from pleuro-pneumonia preserves its virulence and usefulness as a 
vaccine, when mixed with half a volume of pure neutral glycerin and 
half a volume of a five-per-cent solution of carbolic acid. At the end 
of two and a half months this mixture preserved its full virulence. 
PNEUMONIA. 
The micrococcus of croupous pneumonia was discovered by the 
present writer in the blood of rabbits inoculated subcutaneously with 
his own saliva in September, 1880. In 1885 this micrococcus, which 
I had repeatedly obtained in pure cultures from the blood of rabbits 
inoculated, as in the first instance, with my own saliva, was identified 
with the micrococcus of the same form present in the rusty sputum 
of patients with pneumonia. In a paper read before the Pathological 
Society of Philadelphia, in April, 1885, and published in the Ameri- 
can Journal of Medical Sciences on July Ist of the same year, I say: 
‘Tt seems probable that this micrococcus is concerned in the etiology of 
croupous pneumonia, and that the infectious nature of the disease is due to 
its presence in the fibrinous exudate into the pulmonary alveoli.” 
This has since been fully established by the researches of Frankel, 
Weichselbaum, Netter, Gameleia, and many others. Frankel first 
discovered this micrococcus in his own salivary secretions in 1883, 
and his first paper relating to its presence in the exudate of croupous 
pneumonia was published on July 13th, 1885, 7.e., thirteen days after 
