400 BACTERIA IN CROUPOUS PNEUMONIA. 
Vignal, in his recent elaborate paper upon the microorganisms 
of the mouth, says: 
‘* Last year I encountered this microbe continually in my mouth 
during a period of two months, then it disappeared, and I did not 
find it again until April of this year, and then only for fifteen days, 
when it again disappeared without appreciable cause.” 
T he Presence of Micrococcus Pneumonicee Croupose in Pneu- 
monic Sputum.—Talamon, in 1883, demonstrated the presence of this 
micrococcus in pneumonic sputum, described its morphological char- 
acters, and produced typical croupous pneumonia in rabbits by in- 
jecting material containing it into the lungs through the thoracic 
walls. 
Salvioli, in 1884, demonstrated its presence in pneumonic sputum 
by injections into rabbits. 
In 1885 the writer made a similar demonstration, and by compara- 
tive experiments showed that the micrococcus present in the bleod 
of rabbits inoculated with the rusty sputum of pneumonia was iden- 
tical with that which he had discovered in 1880 in rabbits inoculated 
with his own saliva. 
The same year (1885) A. Frankel made a similar demonstration, 
and published a paper containing valuable additions to our knowl- 
edge relating to the biological characters of this microérganism (first 
publication appeared July 13th, 1885). 
In 1886 Weichselbaum published the results of his extended re- 
searches relating to the presence of this micrococcus in the fibrinous 
exudate of croupous pneumonia. He obtained it in ninety-four cases 
(fifty-four times in cultures) out of one hundred and twenty-nine cases 
examined. 
Wolf (1887) found it in sixty-six cases out of seventy examined. 
Netter (1887) in seventy-five per cent of his cases, and in the sputum 
of convalescents from pneumonia in sixty per cent of the cases ex- 
amined, by inoculations into rabbits. 
Gameléia (1887) in twelve fatal cases of pneumonia in which he 
collected material from the lungs at the post-mortem examination. 
Goldenberg, whose researches were made in Gameléia’s labora- 
tory, foundit in pneumonic sputum in forty consecutive cases, by 
inoculations into rabbits and mice. 
The Presence of Micrococcus Pneumonice Croupose in Menin- 
gitts.—Numerous bacteriologists have reported finding diplococci in 
the pus of meningitis, and frequently the microérganisms have been 
fully identified as ‘‘ diplococcus pneumoniz.” Thus Netter (1889), in 
a résumé of the results of researches made by him in twenty-five 
cases of purulent meningitis, reports as follows : 
