BACILLI IN CHRONIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 489 
BACILLUS MALLEI. 
Synonyms.—The bacillus of glanders; Der Rotzbacillus, Ger.; 
Bacille de la morve, Fr. 
Discovered by Léffler and Schiitz (1882), and proved to be the 
cause of glanders by the successful inoculation of pure cultures. 
Found especially in the recent nodules in animals infected with 
glanders ; also in the same after ulceration, and in the discharge 
from the nostrils, pus from the specific ulcers, etc.; sometimes in the 
blood of infected animals (Weichselbaum). 
Morphology.—Bacilli with rounded ends, straight or slightly 
curved, rather shorter and decidedly thicker than the tubercle bacil- 
lus ; usually solitary, but occasionally united in 
pairs, or in filaments containing several elements ees 
(in potato cultures). In stained preparations Oey Wi 4 
unstained or feebly stained spaces are seen in GS ¥ 
the rods, alternating with the deeply stained & ef (ad 
: ak Ww @? 
protoplasm of the cell. As in the tubercle bacil- & 
lus, which presents a similar appearance, these ay 4 Lg& ~* 
spaces have been supposed by some bacteriolo- Fic. 121.—Bacillus mal. 
gists to represent spores; but Léffler believes i _X 1,000. From a pho- 
them to represent rather a degeneration of the {vapremey 
protoplasm. Baumgarten and Rosenthal claim 
to have demonstrated the presence of spores by the use of Neisser’s 
method of staining, but they do not consider it established that the 
unstained spaces in the rods referred to are of this nature. 
The glanders bacillus may be stained with aqueous solutions of 
the aniline colors, but the staining is more intense when the solution 
Fig. 122.—Section of aglanders nodule. x 700. (Fligge.) 
v 
is made feebly alkaline. Add to three cubic centimetres of a 1: 10,000 
solution of caustic potash, in a watch glass, one cubic centimetre of 
a saturated alcoholic solution of an aniline color (methylene blue, 
