494 BACILLI IN CHRONIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 
the testicles. At the end of this time the scrotum is red and shining, 
the epidermis desquamates, and suppuration occurs, the pus some- 
times perforating the integument, This pus is found to contain the 
glanders bacillus. The animal usually dies in the course of twelve 
to fifteen days. When the animals are killed three or four days 
after the inoculation, the two layers of the tunica vaginalis testis 
are found to be covered with a purulent exudate containing the 
glanders bacillus and to be more or less adherent. Even as early 
as the second day the tunica vaginalis is seen to be covered with 
granulations. 
An attenuation of virulence occurs in cultures which have been 
kept for some time, and inoculations with such cultures may give a 
negative result ; or, when considerable quantities are injected, may 
produce a fatal result at a later date than is usual when small 
amounts of a recent culture are injected into susceptible animals. 
Kalning, Preusse, and Pearson have obtained from cultures of 
the glanders bacillus a glycerin extract similar to the crude tubercu- 
lin of Koch—mallein. This, when injected into animals suffering 
from glanders, gives rise to a considerable elevation of temperature, 
and it is used as a means of diagnosis in cases of suspected infection in 
animals in which the usual symptoms have not yet manifested them- 
selves. The value of the test has been demonstrated by numerous 
experiments. 
Bonome (1894), as a result of extended researches, arrives at the 
following conclusions: : 
“1. The bacillus is found not only in the diseased tissues and 
purulent discharges, but also in the urine and milk of infected ani- 
mals. 
“2. The bacillus is found in the foetus of infected animals even 
when the placenta is free from any pathological change. 
“3. The glanders bacillus is very sensitive to desiccation and will 
not grow after being preserved for ten days at 25° C. 
“4, In distilled water the bacillus dies out in six days. 
“5. On the contrary, when protected from desiccation it resists 
a comparatively high temperature—70° C. for six hours; a temper- 
ature of 90° to 100° C. destroys it in three minutes.” 
‘ 
BACILLUS OF LUSTGARTEN. 
Synonym.—Syphilis bacillus. 
_, Found by Lustgarten (1884) in syphilitic lesions and secretions of syphi- 
litic ulcers, and believed by him to be the specific infectious agent in this 
disease. No satisfactory experimental evidence that this is the case has yet 
been obtained. 
Morphology.—Straight or curved bacilli, which bear considerable resem- 
blance to tubercle bacilli, but differ from them in the staining reactions. 
They are usually more or less curved, or bent at a sharp angle, or S-shaped ; 
