IN SUSCEPTIBLE ANIMALS. 503 
passages of such domesticated animals as cattle, dogs, and cats” 
(Smith), 
BACILLUS OF CHOLERA IN DUCKS. 
Obtained by Cornil and Toupet (1888) from the blood of ducks, in the 
Jardin d’Acclimation at Paris, which had died of an epidemic disease charac- 
terized by diarrhoea, feebleness, aud muscular tremors, and which resulted 
fatally in two or three days. 
Morphology.—Does not differ in its morphology from the bacillus of 
fowl cholera (Bacillus septicaemia hemorrhagice) ; short rods with rounded 
ends, from 1 to 1.5 w in length and 0.5 u broad. 
Stains with the usual aniline colors, but not by Gram’s method; the ends 
stain more deeply than the central portion. 
Biological Characters.—An aérobic, non-liquefying, non-motile bacillus. 
Does not form spores. Grows in the usual culture media at the room tem- 
perature. Initsgrowth in various media, as wellasin its morphology, Cornil 
and Toupet found this bacillus to correspond with the bacillus of fowl 
cholera. In gelatin stab cultures the growth upon the surface consists of a 
thin, grayish layer, and along the line of puncture as small, semi-transpa- 
rent, Hiontly yellowish, spherical colonies. Upon agar, in the incubating 
oven, at the end of twelve hours small, lentilsshaped, waxy colonies are 
formed, which later may have a diameter of three to four millimetres. 
Upon potato circular, yellowish colonies are formed, which become con- 
fluent and form a somewhat depressed, pale-yellow layer. 
Pathogenesis.—According to Cornil and Toupet, this bacillus is patho- 
enic for ducks, but not for chickens or pigeons, and only kills rabbits when 
Injected in considerable quantity. Ducks die in from one to three days 
from subcutaneous injections, or by the ingestion of food to which the bacil- 
lus has been added. 
BACILLUS OF HOG CHOLERA (Salmon and Smith). 
Synonyms.—Bacillus of swine plague (Billings); Bacillus of swine- 
pest (Selander). 
According to Smith, this bacillus was first described by Klein 
(1884) ; it was first obtained in pure cultures and its principal char- 
acters determined by Salmon and Smith (1885), and has since been 
studied in cultures and by experimental inoculations by Selander, 
Billings, Frosch, Welch, Caneva, Bunzl-Federn, and cthers. 
The bacillus is found in the blood and various organs of hogs 
which have succumbed to theinfectious disease known in this country 
as hog cholera; and also in the contents of the intestine, from which 
it may be obtained by inoculations into rabbits, but is not easily iso- 
lated by the plate method owing to the large number of other bac- 
teria present (Smith). 
Morphology.—Short bacilli with rounded ends, 1.2 to 1.5 «in 
length and 0.6 to 0.7 in breadth ; usually united in pairs. 
This bacillus is easily stained by the aniline colors usually em- 
ployed, but does not retain its color when treated by Gram’s method. 
When the staining agent is allowed to act for a very short time the 
ends of the rods may be stained while the central portion remains 
unstained. 
