580 PATHOGENIC ANAKROBIC BACILLI. 
and the cultures give off a characteristic odor— brenzlichen Ge- 
ruch ” (Kitasato). 
According to Kitasato, blood serum is not a very favorable me- 
dium for the growth of the tetanus bacillus, and—contrary to the 
statement of Kitt, Tizzoni, and others— 
it does not cause liquefaction of this 
medium. 
The spores of the tetanus bacillus re- 
tain their vitality for months in a desic- 
cated condition, and are not destroyed in 
two and one-half months when present 
in putrefying material (Turco). They 
withstand a temperature of 80° C. main- 
tained for an hour, but are killed by 
five minutes’ exposure to steam at 100° C. 
They are not destroyed in ten hours by 
a five-per-cent solution of carbolic acid, 
but did not grow after fifteen hours’ ex- 
posure in the same solution. A five- 
per-cent solution of carbolic acid, to 
which 0.5 per cent of hydrochloric acid 
has been added, destroys them in two 
hours ; in sublimate solution containing 
1:1,000 of mercuric chloride they are 
destroyed at the end of three hours, or 
in thirty minutes when 0.5 per cent of 
hydrochloric acid is added to the solu- 
tion. Kitasato succeeded in obtaining 
pure cultures from the pus formed in 
Fie. 161.—Culture of Bacillus tetani the vicinity of inoculation wounds, by 
in nutrient gelatin. (Kitasato.) destroying the associated bacilli after 
the tetanus bacilli had formed spores. 
This was effected by heating cultures from this source for about an 
hour at a temperature of 80°C. The spores of the tetanus bacillus 
survived this exposure, and colonies were obtained from them. in flat 
flasks especially devised for anaérobic cultures ; from these colonies 
pure cultures in nutrient agar or gelatin—long stick cultures—or in 
peptonized bouillon were easily obtained. 
BACILLUS CEDEMATIS MALIGNI. 
Synonyms.—Bacillus of malignant oedema; Vibrion septique 
(Pasteur). 
Discovered by Pasteur (1877); carefully studied by Koch (1881). 
