656 BACTERIA OF THE SURFACE OF THE BODY 
women are for the most part strictly anaérobic species, and that 
among these he found two non-pathogenic streptococci. 
Menge (1894) has examined the vaginal secretions in fifty non- 
pregnant women who had been in bed for at least fourteen days— 
after laparotomy. Microscopical examination showed the presence 
of bacteria in all cases, but in only six cases was a development of 
colonies obtained—upon agar plates; in one case Streptococcus pyo- 
genes was present. Menge concludes from his investigations that 
spontaneous infection during childbirth cannot occur, and that with 
the exception of the gonococcus the known pathogenic bacteria can- 
not multiply in the cervical canal. 
Gawronsky (1894) has examined the secretions from the healthy 
urethra in sixty-two women, most of whom were under treatment 
for uterine disease or displacement. The material for his cultures 
was obtained by means of a platinum loop, introduced through a 
glass cylinder, at a distance of one or one and one-half centimetres 
from the external orifice of the urethra. In fifteen out of the sixty- 
two cases examined a positive result was obtained, as follows: In 
three cases Streptococcus pyogenes, in eight Staphylococcus pyogenes 
aureus, in one Staphylococcus pyogenes albus, in two Bacillus coli 
communis, in one Bacterium tholoideum of Gessner. 
The following species have been obtained from the nasal and 
buccal secretions : 
FROM THE NOSE. 
Non-pathogenic.—Micrococcus nasalis (Hajek), Diplococcus coryze 
(Hajek). Micrococcus albus liquefaciens (Von Besser), Micrococcus cumu- 
latus tenuis (Von Besser), Micrococcus tetragenus subflavus (Von Besser), 
Diplococcus fluorescens foetidus (Klamann), Micrococcus feetidus (Klamann), 
Vibrio nasalis (Weibel), Bacillus striatus flavus (Von Besser), Bacillus 
striatus albus (Von Besser). 
Pathogenic.—Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus, Staphylococcus pyogenes 
albus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus of Friedlander, Bacillus of rhino- 
scleroma (?), Bacillus foetidus ozeenze (Hajek), Bacillus mallei (L6ffler), Ba- 
cillus smaragdinus feetidus (Reimann). 
FROM THE MOUTH. 
Non-pathogenic.—Micrococcus roseus (Hisenberg), Micrococcus A, B, CO, 
D, E of Podbielskij, Sarcina pulmonum (Hauser), Sarcina lutea, Micrococcus 
candicans (Fligge), Bacillus of Miller, Bacillus virescens (Frick), Vibrio 
rugula, Vibrio lingualis (Weibel), Pseudo-diphtheria bacillus (Von Hoft- 
mann), Bacillus mesentericus vulgatus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus a, ), ¢, d, 
e, f, g, h, i, andj of Vignal, Bacillus subtilis similis, Bacillus radiciformis 
(Hisenberg’), Bacillus luteus, Bacillus fluorescens non-liquefaciens, Bacillus 
ruber, Bacillus viridiflavus, Proteus Zenkeri, Bacillus G, H, I, J, K, L, M, 
N, and Vibrio O and P of Podbielskij, Vibrio viridans (Miller), Micrococcus 
nexifer (Miller), Iodococcus magnus (Miller), Ascococcus buccalis (Miller), 
Bacillus fuscans (Miller). 
Pathogenic.—Staphylococcus pyogenes albus, Staphylococcus pyogenes 
aureus, Staphylococcus salivarius septicus (Biondi), Streptococcus pyogenes, 
Micrococcus salivarius septicus (Biondi), Micrococcus tetragenus (Gaftky), 
