BACTERIA OF CADAVERS AND OF PUTREFYING MATERIAL. 665 
my Bacillus cadaveris, together with the Bacillus coli communis 
of Escherich, my Bacillus hepaticus fortuitas, and other non-lique- 
fying bacilli of the ‘‘colon group.” 
These bacteria did not give rise to a putrefactive odor, and the 
fragment of liver when cut into had a fresh appearance and a very 
acid reaction, Later, putrefactive changes occurred and Proteus 
Fig. 197.—Smear preparation from liver of yellow-fever cadaver, kept forty-eight hours in an 
antiseptic wrapping. x 1,000. Fromaphotomicrograph. (Sternberg. 
vulgaris and other putrefactive bacteria obtained the precedence. 
Evidently all of these species must have been present in the liver at 
the time it was removed from the cadaver, although in such small 
numbers that they were rarely seen in smear preparations or ob- 
tained in cultures from the fresh liver tissue. The appearance of a 
smear preparation from the interior of a fragment preserved for 
forty-eight hours in an antiseptic wrapping is shown in Fig. 197. 
The horribly offensive gases which are given off from dead ani- 
mals in a state of putrefaction appear to be due to certain large an- 
aérobic bacilli which are found in such material, 
and which have not yet been thoroughly studied \ 
owing to the difficulty of cultivating them in arti- 
ficial media ; among them is a large bacillus with XY o 
round ends which forms an oval spore at one ex- _ 
tremity of the rather long rod. This the writer oC 14 
has described under the name of Bacillus cada- NX 
veris grandis, Fig. 198. ite 
Tn the interior of a putrefying mass of this kind 
only those bacteria are found which are able to grow in the absence 
of oxygen, but aérobic saprophytes may multiply upon the surface of 
