364 PLANT DISEASES 



then tinged brown. Secondary fruit, Coniothecium Hetero- 

 botrys, Chaetophoma, Capnodium, etc. 



Capnodiuin, Mont. — Mycelium effused, black, spreading 

 over leaves, branches, and fruit ; perithecia rather fleshy 

 or carbonaceous, simple or branched, vertically elongated, 

 often torn at the mouth ; asci obovoid or oblong ; spores 8, 

 ovoid-oblong, typically 3-4-septate, sometimes muriform, 

 fuscous. 



Capnodiuin citricolmn, M'Alpine, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. 

 Wales, 1896, pt. 4, pi. xxiii.-xxxiv. — Forming black, 

 sootlike incrustations, peeling off as a thin membrane, 

 often covering entire surface of leaf. Perithecia intermixed 

 with spermogonia, antennaria, ceratopycnidia, and pycnidia, 

 sea-green to sage-green appearing black, oblong to oval 

 or variously shaped, rounded and smooth at free end, with 

 netlike surface, 112-250x52-112 \i.; asci cylindric-clavate, 

 subsessile, apex rounded, 8-6 or 4-spored, 70-80 x 19-20 jx.; 

 spores brown, oblong, sometimes a little fusoid, generally 

 obtuse at both ends, constricted about the middle, 5-6- 

 septate, often with longitudinal or oblique septa, arranged 

 mostly in two ranks, but occasionally in three, averaging 

 21-24 x8-9'5 |ti ; paraphyses hyaline, elongate-clavate, as 

 long as the asci, 9*5 /^ broad towards apex. 



Torula, Coniotheciiitn, and Heterobotrys stages occur. 



Sphaeriaceae. — Perithecia distinct or produced in 

 numbers in the substance of a stroma, membranaceous, 

 coriaceous, or carbonaceous, distinct from the substance 

 of the stroma (when the latter is present), blackish, fur- 

 nished with a distinct mouth through which the ascospores 

 escape. 



