372 PLANT DISEASES 



Claviceps, Tul. — Stroma stipitate, erect, capitate, spring- 

 ing from a sclerotium ; perithecia immersed in the stroma, 

 very slightly protruding ; asci cylindric-clavate ; spores 

 iiliform, continuous, hyaline ; sperraogonia and conidia 

 present in some species. 



Claviceps purpurea, Tul., Ann. Sci. Nat., 1853, vol. xx. 

 tab. 3. — Mycelium developing in the ovary of various 

 grasses and forming first a whitish, minutely velvety body 

 on the surface of the ovary, covered with conidiophores 

 bearing very minute conidia ( = Sphacelia segeium, Lev.). 

 Next the sclerotium increases in size and becomes horn- 

 shaped or cylindrical, slightly curved, purple-black, and 

 rugulose externally. After a period of rest the sclerotium 

 gives origin to one or several stipitate, subglobose, purplish, 

 warted stromata 2-4 mm. diam., stem often crooked, 1-3 

 cm. long ; asci narrow, 8-spored ; spores filiform, hyaline, 

 continuous, arranged in a parallel fascicle, 50-70 x I'S /j.. 



Epichloe, Fries. — Stroma sessile, effused, girdling the 

 culm in grasses, bright-coloured or blackish, at first bear- 

 ing conidia ; perithecia imKiersed, mouth scarcely promi- 

 nent; asci 8-spored; spores filiform, almost as long as the 

 ascus, hyaline or tinged yellow, continuous or multiseptate, 

 in some species separating at the septa into numerous 

 cells, arranged in a parallel fascicle in the ascus. 



Epichloe typhina, Tul., Fung. Carp., iii. p. 24. — Stroma 

 entirely encircling the culm of various grasses, up to 3 

 cm. long, at first whitish and producing ovoid, hyaline 

 conidia 4-5X3 {>■■, then yellow and finally tawny orange, 

 minutely granulose from the projecting mouths of the 

 perithecia ; asci cylindrical, slightly constricted just below 



