IIB SAPINDACE^. (soapberry FAMILY.) 



1. C!BXiASTRTTS, L. Staff-tree. Shrubby Bitter-sweet. 



Flowers polygamo-dioecious. Petals (crenulate) and stamens 5, inserted on 

 the margin of a cnp-shaped disk whicli lines the base of the calyx. Pod glo- 

 bose (orange-color and berry-like), 3-celled, 3-valved, loculicidal. Seeds 1 or 2 

 in each cell, erect, enclosed in a pulpy scarlet aril. — Leaves alternate. Flowers 

 small, greenish, in raceme-like clusters terminating the branches. (An ancient 

 Greek name for some evergreen, which our plant is hot.) 



1. C. SC^ndens, L. (Wax-work. Climbing Bitter-sweet.) Twin- 

 ing shrub ; leaves ovate-oblong, finely serrate, pointed. — Along streams and 

 thickets. June. — The opening orange-colored pods, displaying the scarlet 

 covering of the seeds, are very ornamental in aiitumn. 



2. EUONYMUS, Toum. Spindle-teee. 



Flowers perfect. Sepals 4 or 5, united at the base, forming a short and flat 

 calyx. Petals 4-5, rounded, spreading. Stamens very short, inserted on the 

 edge or face of a broad and flat 4 - 5-angled disk, which coheres with the calyx 

 and is stretched over the ovary, adhering t» it more or less. Style short 

 or none. Pod 3 - 5-lobed, 3 - 5-valved, loculicidal. Seeds 1-4 in each cell, 

 enclosed in a red aril. — Shrubs, with 4-sided branchlets, opposite serrate 

 leaves, and loose cymes of small flowers on axillary peduncles. (Derivation 

 from fv, good, and ovofia, name, because it has the bad reputation of poisoning 

 cattle. Town. ) 



1. E. atropurpiireus, Jacq. (Burning-Bush. Waahoo.) Shrub 

 tall (6° -14° high) and upright; leaves petioled, oval-oblong, pointed; parts of 

 the (dark-purple) flower commonly in fours; pods smooth, deeply lobed. — New 

 York to Wisconsin and southward : also cultivated. June. — Ornamental in 

 autumn, by its copious crimson fruit, drooping on long peduncles. 



2. E. Americinus, L. (Strawberry Bush.) Shrub low, upright or 

 straggling (2° - 5° high) ; leaves almost sessile, thickish, bright green, varying 

 from ovate to oblong-lanceolate, acute or pointed ; parts of the greenish-purple 

 flowers mostly in fives ; pods rmigh-warty, depressed, crimson when ripe ; the 

 aril scarlet. — Wooded river-banks. Western New York to Illinois and south- 

 ward. June. 



Var. otaOvWus, Torr. & Gray. Trailing, with rooting branches ; flower- 

 ing stems l°-20 high; leaves thin and dull, obovate or oblong. (E. obovatus, 

 Nutt.) — Low or wet places : the commoner form. 



Order 30. SAPINDACE^E. (Soapberry Family.) 



Trees, shrubs, with simple or compound leaves, mostly unsymmetrical and 

 often irregular flowers ; the 4,-5 sepals and petals both imbricated in cesti- 

 vation ; the 5-10 stamens inserted on a fleshy (perigynous or hypogynous) 

 disk; a 2- 3-celled and lobed ovary, with 1-2 (or rarely more) ovules in 

 each cell ; and the embryo (except Staphylea) curved or convolute, without 

 albumen. — A large and diverse order, the true Sapindacese principally 

 tropical, here represented only by the Buckeyes. 



