EOSACEJE. (rose FAMILY.) 157 



3. R. Chamsemdrus, L. (Cloud-bbert.) Herbaceous, low, dioecious; 

 stem simpk, 2-3-leaved, 1-Jiowered; leaves roundish-kidney-form, somewhat 5- 

 lobed, serrate, wrinkled ; calyx-lobes pointless ; petals obovate, white ; fruit of 

 few grains, amber-color. — White Monntains of New Hampshire at the limit of 

 trees : also on the coast at Lubeck, Maine, and northward. (Eu.) 

 * » Leaflets (pinnately) 3 - 5 ; petals small, erect, white. 

 ■1- Stems annual, herbaceous, not prickly : fruit of few separate grains. 



4-. R. trifl.6rus, Richardson. (Dwakf Raspberry.) Stems ascending 

 (6' -12' high) or trailing; leaflets 3 (or pedately 5), rhombic-ovate or ovate 

 lanceolate, acute at both ends, coarsely doubly sen-ate, thin, smooth ; peduncle 

 1 - 3-flowered. — Wooded hillsides. New England to Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, 

 and northward. June^ — Sepals and petals often 6 or 7. 



-I- -I- Stems biennial and woody, prickly : receptacle oblong : fruit hemispherical. 



5. R. strig6sus, Michx. (Wild Red Rabpbeket.) Stems upright, imA 

 with the stalks, &c. beset with stiff straight bristles (or a few becoming weak 

 hooked prickles), glandular when young, somewhat glaucous; leaflets 3-5) 

 oblong-ovate, pointed, cut-serrate, whitish-downy underneath ; the lateral ones 

 sessile ; petals as long as the sepals ; fruit light red. — Thickets and hills : com- 

 mon everywhere, especially northward. June, July. — Fruit ripening all sum- 

 mer, more tender than that of the Garden or European Raspberry (R. Id^us), 

 which it too closely resembles. 



6. R. oceidentMis, L. (Black RaSpbeeet. Thimblebeeet.) 

 Olaucmis all over ; stems recurved, armed like the stalks, &C., with hooked prickles^ 

 not bristly ; leaflets 3 (rarely 5), ovate, pointed, coarsely doubly serrate, whitened- 

 dovray underneath ; the lateral ones somewhat stalked ; petals shorter than the 

 sepals ; fruit purple-black (rarely a whitish variety), ripe early in July. ^- Very 

 common northward, especially where ground has been burned over. 



§ 2. BLACKBERRY. Fruit, or collective drupes, not separating from the Juicy 

 prolonged receptacle, mostly ovate or oblong, blackish. 



7. R. villbSUS, Ait. (Common or High Blackbeeet.) Shrubby (1°- 

 6° high), furrowed, upright or reclining, armed with stout curved prickles; branch- 

 lets, stalks, and lower surface of the leaves hairy and glandular ; leaflets 3 (or 

 pedately 5), ovate, pointed, unequally serrate; the terminal ones somewhat 

 heart-shaped, conspicuously stalked ; flowers racemed, numerous, bracts short ; 

 sepals linear-pointed, much shorter than the obovate-oblong spreading petals. — 

 Var. 1 . FEONDdsus : smoother and much less glandular ; flowers more corym- 

 bose, with leafy bracts ; petals roundish. Var. 2. HUMirtisus : trailing, smaller ; 

 peduncles few-flowered. — Borders of thickets, &c. : common. May, June : the 

 pleasant large fruit ripe in Aug. and Sept. — Plant very variable in size, aspect; 

 and shape of the fruit ; — the varieties connecting with 



8. R. Canadensis, L. (Low Blackbekey. Dewbeeey.) Shrubby, 

 extensively trailing, slightly prickly; leaflets 3 (or pedately 5-V), oval or ovate- 

 lanceolate, mostly pointed, thin, nearly smooth, shai-ply cut-serrate ; flowers ra- 

 cemed, with leaf-hke bracts. (R. triviMis, Pursh, Bigel., S;c. ; not of Michx.) -^ 

 Rocky hills and copses : common. May ; ripening its excellent fruit earlier 

 than No. 7. 



