SAXIFRAGACE^. (SAXIFRAGE FAMILY.) 163 



— The lurid purple flowers terminating the leafy branches. Bark and foliage 

 aromatic ; the crushed flowers exhaling more or less the fragrance of strawber- 

 ries. (Name composed of koKv^, a cup or calyx, and avdos, flower, from the 

 closed cup which contains the pistils. ) 



1. C. fldridus, L. Leaves oval, soft-dovmy underneath. — Virginia? and 

 southward, on hillsides in rich soil. Common in gardens. April -Aug. 



2. C. Isevig^tUS, Willd. Leaves oblong, thin, either blunt or taper-pointed, 

 bright green and glabrous or nearly so on both sides, or rather pale beneath ; flow- 

 ers smaller. — Mountains of Franklin Co., Penn. (Prof. Porter), and southward 

 along the AUeghanies. May - Aug. 



3. C. glatlCUS, Willd. Zeai'es oblong-OTate or ovate-lanceolate ; conspicu- 

 ously taper-pointed, glaucous-white beneath, roughish above, glabrous, large (4' -7' 

 long); probably a variety of the preceding. — Virginia'! near the mountains 

 and southward. May -Aug. 



Order 35. SAXIFKAGACEJE. (Saxifrage Family.) 



Herbs or shrubs, of various aspect, distinguishable from Kosacese by hav- 

 ing copious albumen in the seeds, opposite as well as alternate leaves, and 

 usually no stipules when the leaves are alternate ; the stamens mostly definite, 

 and the carpels commonly fewer than the sepals, either separate or partly 

 so, or all combined into one compound pistil. Calyx either free or adher- 

 ent, usually persistent or withering away. Stamens and petals almost al- 

 ways inserted on the calyx. Ovules anatropous. — A large family, to 

 which Parnassia, formerly associated with Drosera, is commonly referred, 



— now made to include Kibes also. 



Tribe I. GROSSVIiARIE:.S:. Shrubs, with alternate and palmately veined and lobed 

 leaves : stipules none or united with the base of the petiole. Calyx-tube coherent with the 

 one-celled ovary, which has 2 parietal placentje and forms a many-seeded berry. Seed-coat 

 externally gelatinous. Embryo minute at the base of the hard albumen. 



1. Rlbes. Character of the tribe. Stamens and small petals 5. 



Tribe H. E:SCAIjLi01VIE:.S:. shrubs or trees, with alternate and simple pinnately 

 veined leaves, and no stipules. Ovary 2-5-celled. 



2. Itea. Calyx 5-cleft, free from the 2-celled ovary, which becomes a septicidal pod. 

 Tribe III. HYDRANGIEjS. Shrubs or trees, with opposite simple leaves, and no 



stipules. Ovary 2-5-celled ; the calyx coherent at least with its base. Fruit (in the fol- 

 lowing) a many -seeded pod. 



3. Hydrangea. Lobes of the calyx minute in complete flowers. Petals valvate in the bud. 



Stamens 8 or 10. 



4. Pblladelpbus. Lobes of the calyx and petals conspicuous ; the former valvate, the 



latter convolute in the bud. Stamens 20-40. 



Tribe IV- SAXIFRAGES. Herbs, without stipules, except perhaps a membranous 

 dilatation of the base of the petiole. Petals imbricated or rarely convolute in the bud. Fruit 

 dry, capsular or follicular. 

 ^ A cluster of sterile or gland-tipped filaments at the base of each petal. Stigmas 3 or 4, situ- 

 ated directly over as many parietal placentae ! 

 5. Parnassia. Sepals, petals, and proper stamens 5. Peduncle a scape or scape-like, 1- 

 flowered. 



