240 COMPOSITE, (composite familt.) 



serrate, veiny; disk-flowers 16-24, the rays 12-16. — Kocky and wooded 

 hills, Maine and W. Vermont to Pennsylvania, and the mountains of Virginia : 

 rather rare. 



§2. VIRGAtlBEA, Toum. Scales of the imolvtcre destitute of herbaceons tips : 



rays mostly feiaer than the dish flowers : heads all more or less pedicelled. 



* Heads clustered in the axils of the feather-reined leaves. 



2. S. bicolor, L. Hoary or gratjish with soft hairs; stem mostly simple; 

 leaves oblong or elliptical-lanceolate, acute at both ends, or the lower oval and 

 tapering into a petiole, slightly serrate ; clusters or short racemes from the axils of 

 the upper leaves, forming an interrupted spike or crowded panicle; rays small, 

 a-eam-color or nearly white. — Yar. concolok has the rays yellow. -^Tlry copses 

 and banks : the var. in Pennsylvania and westward. 



3. S. latifblia, L. Smooth or nearly so, stem angled, zigzag, simple or 

 paniculate-branched (l°-3° high) ; leaves broadly ovate or oval, very strongly and 

 sharply serrate, conspicuously pointed at both ends (thin, 3' -6' long); heads in very 

 short axillary clusters, or somewhat prolonged at the end of the branches. — 

 Moist shaded banks ; common northward, and along the mountains. 



4. S. C^Sla, L. Smooth; stem terete, mostly glaucous, at length much 

 branched and diffuse; leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, serrate, pointed, 

 sessile; heads in very short clusters, or somewhat racemose-panicled on the 

 branches. — Moist rich woodlands : common. 



» » Racemes terminal, erect, either somewhat simple and wand-like, or compound and 



panicle, not one-sided : leaves feather-veined. [Not maritime.) 



-1- Heads smalt : leaves nearly entire, except the lowermost. 



5. S. virg^ta, Michx. Very smooth thToughoV-; stem strict and simple, wand- 

 like (2° -4° high), slender, beset with small and entire appressed lanceolate-ob- 

 long thickish leaves, which are gradually reduced upwards to mere bracts ; the 

 lowest oblong-spatulate ; heads crowded in a very narrow compound spicate raceme ; 

 rays .5-7. — Damp pine barrens, New Jersey and southward. 



6. S. puta6rula, Nutt. Stem (I°-3° high, simple or branched) and pan- 

 icle minutely hoary ; stem-leaves lanceolate, acute, tapering to the base, smoothish ; the 

 lower wedge-lanceolate and sparingly toothed; heads very numerous and crowded 

 in compact short racemes forming a prolonged and dense naiTow or pyramidal panicle ; 

 scales of the involucre linear-awl-shaped, appressed; rays about 10. — Sandy soil, 

 Maine to Virginia and southward, near the coast. 



7. S. Strieta, Ait. Very smooth throughout; stem simple, strict (2° -3" 

 high) ; leaves lanceolate, pointed, the lower tapering into winged petioles, partly 

 sheathing at the base, minutely serrate above with appressed teeth ; racemes much 

 croivded and appressed in a dense ivand-lihe panicle ; scales of the involucre linear- 

 oblong, obtuse ; rays 5-6, small. — Peat-bogs, JIaine' to Pennsylvania, Wis- 

 consin, and northward. Root-leaves 6' - 10' long. Flowers earlier than most 

 species, beginning in July. 



^- t- Heads rather large, at least for the size of the plant. 



8. S. specidsa, Xutt. Stem stout {3°-6° high), smooth; leaves thickish, 

 smooth with rough margins, oval or ovate, slightly serrate, the uppermost oblong- 

 lanceolate, the lower contracted into a margined petiole ; heads somewhat 



