362 EOUUAGIXACK^. (UOUAGE FAMILY.) 



4. ONOSMODIUM, Michx. False Gkomwell. 



Calyx 5-parted ; the divisions linear and erect. Corolla tubular, or tubular- 

 funnel-form, naked in the throat (the sinuses minutely hooded-inflexed) ; the 5 

 acute lobes converging or barely spreading. Anthers oblong-linear or arrow- 

 shaped, mucronate, inserted in the throat of the corolla. Style thread-form, 

 much exserted. Nutlets bony, ovoid, smooth, erect, fixed by the base; the scar 

 minute, not hollowed out. — Chiefly perennial herbs, coarse and hispid, with ob- 

 long and sessile ribbed-veined leaves, and white, greenish, or yellowish flowers, 

 in at length elongated and erect leafy raceme-like clusters ; in summer. — 

 Our species all belong to true Onosmoditjm, having the anthers all included, 

 smooth, and on very short filaments ; the corolla only once or twice the length 

 of the calyx. (Named from the resemblance to the genus Onosma, which means 

 ass-smell. ) 



1. O. Virginiinum, DC. Clothed all ove^- with harsh and rigid oppressed 

 short bristles; stems rather slender (I°-2° high) ; leaves narrowly oblong, or ob- 

 long-lanceolate (l'-2^' long), the lower narrowed at the base; lobes of the nar- 

 row corolla lance-awl-shaped, sparingly bearded outside with long bristles. (0. 

 hispidum, Michx. Lithospe'rmum Virginianum, L. .') — Banks and hillsides, S. 

 New England to Virginia and southward. 



2. O. Caroliui^num, DC. (excl. syn. ilZ/cAa;.) Shaggy all over with long 

 and spreading bristly hairs; stem stout, upright (3°- 4° high) ; leaves ovate-lance- 

 olate or oblong-lanceolate, acute ; lobes of the rather broad corolla ovate-triangular 

 or triangular-lanceolate, thickly hirsute outside. (0. mdlle, Beck, &c. Lithosper- 

 mum Carolinianum, Lam.) — River-banks, W. New York to Wisconsin and 

 southward. — Perhaps passes into the next. 



3. O. mdlle, Michx. Hoary with finer and soft mostly oppressed hairs ; leaves 

 oblong-ovate, obtusish, strongly ribbed, lobes of the rather narrow corolla triangu- 

 lar and sharp-pointed, thickly hirsute outside. — Dry grounds, Ohio to Illinois 

 and southward. 



5. LITHOSPERMXJM, Toum. Gromwell. Pdccoon. 



Corolla funnel-form, or sometimes salver-shaped ; the open throat naked, or 

 with a more or less evident transverse fold or scale-like appendage opposite each 

 lobe ; the spreading limb 5-cleft ; its lobes rounded. Anthers oblong, almost 

 sessile, included. Nutlets ovate, smooth or roughened, mostly bony or stony, 

 fixed by the base ; the scar nearly flat. — Herbs,, with thickish and commonly 

 red roots and sessile leaves ; the flowers solitary and as if axillary, or spiked and 

 Icafy-liracted : sometimes dimorphous as to insertion of stamens and length of 

 style. (N.ame formed of XWoj, stone, and (nreppia, seed, from the hard nutlets.) 



§ 1. Nutlets tubercled or rough-wrinkled and pitted, gray and dull: throat of the 

 [nearly white) corolla destitute of any evident folds or appendages. 

 1. L. AKTENSE, L. (CoKK Gkomwell.) Minutely rough-hoary annual 

 or biennial; stems erect (6'-12' high); leaves lanceolate or linear, veinless; 

 corolla scarcely longer than the calyx. — Sandy banks and roadsides. May- 

 Aug. (Nat. from Eu.) 



