CONVOI-TULACEJi. (CONVOLVULUS FAMILY.) 379 



and other herbs, Delaware to Wisconsin, and southwestward. — The large ovary 

 fills the shallow tube of the corolla. 



7. C. Gron6vii, Willd. Stems coarse, climbing high; flowers mostly 5- 

 cleft, peduncled, in close or mostly open paniculate cymes ; corolla bell-shaped, 

 the tube longer than (or sometimes only as long as) the ovate obtuse entire 

 spreading lobes; scales large, converging, copiously fringed, confluent at the 

 base ; pod globose, umbonatc, brown. ( C. Americkna, Pursh, &c. C. vulgivkga, 

 Engelm. C. umbrbsa, Torr. ) — Low, damp grounds, especially in shady places ; 

 everywhere common both east and west, and the principal species northward 

 and eastward ; chiefly on coarser herbs and low shrubs. — The close-flowered 

 forms occur in the Northeastern States ; the loosely-flowered ones westward 

 and southward ; a form with 4-parted flowers was collected in Connecticut. C. 

 Saururi, Engdm., is a form with more open flowers, of a finer texture, in the 

 Mississippi valley. 



8. C. rostr^ta, Shnttleworth. Stems coarse, climbing high ; flowers 

 (2" -3" long) 5-parted, peduncled, in umbel-like cymes; corolla deep bell- 

 shaped, the tube twice as long as the ovate obtuse teeth of the calyx and its 

 ovate obtuse entire spreading lobes ; the large scales fimbriate, confluent at the 

 base; styles slender, as long as the acute ovary; the large pod pointed. — 

 Shady valleys of the AUeghanies, from Maryland and Virginia southward ; on 

 tall herbs, rarely on shrubs. Flowers and fruit larger than in any other of our 

 species. 



* * Flowers sessile in compact and mostly continuous clusters : calyx of 5 separate 

 sepals surrounded by numerous similar bracts: remains of the corolla borne on the 

 top of the globose somewhat pointed pod. (Lepidanche, Engelm. ) 



9. C. comp&cta, Juss. Stems coarse; bracts (3-5) and sepals orbicular, 

 concave, slightly crenate, oppressed, nearly equalling or much shorter than the cy- 

 lindrical tube of the corolla ; stamens shorter than the oblong obtuse spreading 

 lobes of the latter ; scales pinnatifid-fringed, convergent, confluent at the base. 

 C. eoronata, Beyrich (C. compacta, Choisy) is the Eastern and Southern form, 

 with a smaller, slenderer, more exserted corolla. C. (Lepidanche) adpressa, 

 Engelm., is the Western form, with a larger, shorter, nearly included corolla. 

 Both grow almost entirely on shrubs ; the first from N. New York, and New 

 Jersey southward ; the latter from Western Virginia to the Mississippi and 

 Missouri, in fertile shady bottoms. The clusters in fruit are sometimes fully 

 2' in diameter. 



10. C. glomer&ta, Choisy. Flowers very densely clustered, forming 

 knotty masses closely encircling the stem of the foster plant, much imbricated 

 with searious oblong bracts, their tips recurved-spreading ; sepals nearly similar, 

 shorter than the oblong-cylindrical tube of the corolla ; stamens nearly as long 

 as the oblong-lanceolate obtuse spreading or reflexed lobes of the corolla ; scales 

 large, fringed-pinnatifid ; styles slender, longer than the pointed ovary ; the 

 pointed pod mostly 1 - 2-seeded. ( Lepidanche Compositarum, Engelm. ) — Moist 

 prairies, Ohio to Wisconsin and southward : growing commonly on tall Com- 

 positai. — The orange-colored stems soon disappear, leaving only the close mat- 

 ted coils of flowers, appearing like whitish ropes twisted around the stems. 



