HLIACE;E. (lILY FAMILY.) 527 



obcorUately 3-lobed, loculicidially 3-valved ; the valves divergently 2-lobed. 

 Seeds many in each cell, linear, with a taperihg appendage at both eildsi -^ A 

 smooth perennial, mth many oblong-spatulate or oblaticeolate evergreen flat 

 leaves, from u, tuberous rootstock, producing in early spring a hoUovp naked 

 scape (l°-2° high), sheathed with broad bracts at the base, and terminated by 

 a simple and short dense raceme. Bracts obsolete : pedicels shorter than the 

 flowers. (Name probably from eXo;, a swamp, the place of growth.) 



i. H. buU&ta, L. (H. latifolia, Michx.) — Wet places. New Jersey and 

 tennsylvania to Virginia : rare and local. 



10. CHAM^ffiLiRItlM, WiUd. Dbvil's-Bit. 



Flowers dioedous, Perianth of 6 spatulate-linear (White) spreading sepals, 

 withering-persistent. Filaments and (yellow) anthers as in Helonias : fertile 

 flowers with rudimentary Btahiens. Styles linear-club-shaped, stigmatic along 

 the inner side. Pod ovoid-oblong, not lobed, of a thin texture, loculicidally 

 3-valved from the apex, many-seeded. Seeds liliear-6blong, Winged at each 

 end. — Smooth herb, with a wand-like stem from a (bitter) thick and abrupt 

 tuberous rootstock, terminated by a long wand-like spiked raceme (4' -9' long) 

 of small bractlesB flowers; fertile plant more leafy than the staminate. Leaves 

 flat, lanceolate, the lowest spatulate, tapering into a petiole. (Name formed of 

 ■)(a\uii, on the ground, and \iipiav, Kly^ of no obvious application.) 



1. C. Itlteum. (Biazing-Star.) (G. Caroliniimuin, WUld. Veratrum 

 luteum, L. Helonias lutea. Ait. H. dioica, Pursh.) — liOw grounds, W. N^w 

 England to Illinois and southward. June. 



11. TOPIELDIA, Hudson. False Asphodel. 



Flowers perfect, usually with a little 3-bracted mvolucre underneath. Peri- 

 anth more or less spreading ; the sepals (white or greenish) concave, oblong or 

 obovate, without claws. iFilaments awl-shaped : anthers short, innate or some- 

 what introrse, 2-celled. Styles awl-shaped : stigmas terminal. Pod 3-angular, 

 3-partible or septicidal ; cells many-seeded. Seeds oblong. — Slender perennials, 

 mostly tufted, with fibrous roots, and simple stems leafy only at the base, bear- 

 ing small flowers in a close raceme or spike. Leaves 2-ranked, equitant, linear, 

 grass-like. (Named for il^r. Tojkld, an English botanist of the last century.) 

 § 1. Flowers in u, simple spike-like raceme or head: anthers introrse: seeds not 

 appendaged: plant smooth and glabrous, 



1. T. palustris, Hudson. Scape leafless or nearly so (3* -6' high), slen- 

 der, bearing a globular or oblong head or short raceme of whitish flowers ; 

 leaves tufted, I' long. — Isle Koyale, &c.. Lake Superior, and northward. July. 

 § 2. Flowers racemose, but developing from above downwards : short pedicels in threes 



from a little involucre of as many bracts : anthers innate : seeds tail-pointed at 

 both ends {as in many species of Juncus. ) 



2. T. glutindsa, WiUd. Stem (6'- 16' high) and pedicels very glutinous 

 with dark glands ; leaves broadly linear, short. — Moist grounds, Maine, Michi- 

 gan, Wisconsin, and northward : also southward in the AUeghanies. June. 



