698 CtPERACEiE. (sedge FAMILf.) 



Me, the louier on short exserted stalks ; perigynia spreading, tapering from an ovoid 

 few- (about 10-) nerved base into a long slender heak vnth oblique orifice or short 

 minuteli/ serrulate teeth, much longer than the lanceolate a\vned scale ; achenium 

 papillose-roughened. (C. rostrata, Muhl., not of Miclix.) — Wet meadows : very 

 comnign. — Var. geXcilis, Boott, is a slender form with 2 much smaller fertile 

 spilces (4"- 12" long, 3" -4" bi-oad). — Var. iLTiOK, Boott, is tall (2° high), 

 with more scattered large fertile spikes, and the more tapering beak of perigy- 

 nium with longer teeth^ perhaps a hybrid with C: lupulina. Penn-Yan, New 

 York, Sartwell, and Amherst, Mass., Tttckerman. 



130. C intlim^seens, Rudge. Fertile spikes \- 3, ovoid, loosely few- [5- %-) 

 flowered, chsely approximated, sessile, or the lower on a very short exserted 

 peduncle ; perigynia erect-spreading, tapering from an ovoid 1 5 - 20-nerved base 

 into a long sometimes rough beak. (C. foUiculata, Schk., Miclix., not ofL.) — Wet 

 meadows and swamps: Very common. — Culm slender, about 18' high: fertile 

 spikes usually contiguous: perigynia 6" -7" long, very ventricose. 



131. C. Gr^yii, Carey. Fertile spikes 2 {sometimes single), globose, densely 

 {15 - 30-} flotvered, separate, on short exserted peduncles ; perigynia {8" \ong) spread- 

 ing and defltxed, tapering from an ovoid 25 - 30-nerved base into a long smooth 

 and sliining beak. — River bottoms, Oneida Co., New York, to Ohio and Illinois : 

 rather rare. — Culm robust, 3° high ; leaves broader ; and flowers in July, a 

 month later than the last. 



* * Bracts all c/r all hut the uppermost conspicuously sheathing. 

 1- Fertile spikes approximate, or only the lowest one distant, erect, very large and 

 turgid, many-flowered : perigynia ascending^ long-beaked from an ovate-venlricose 

 base : sterile spikes rarely 2. 



132. C. lupulina, Muhl. Fertile spikes 2-4, cylindtaccous or oblong 

 (l'-2' long, 1' thick), the lower on exserted stalks; perigynia (6^"-7" long) 

 often raised on a Short Stalk-like base; sbiooth or with the beak rough above, 

 much longer than the lanceolate rough awn-pointed scale; stem (2°-3°) and 

 long broadly linear leaves and bracts smooth, the latter with rough margins 

 (3''-4" wide). (C. liirida, Wahl.) — Wet grounds, common. — C. Canadensis, 

 and C. Bellavilla, Dew., appear to be depauperate and attenuated states of this, 

 with more distant lax, and fewer-flowered spikeS; 



133. C. lupulifdrmis, Sartwell. Fertile spikes 4-5, cylindrical (2' -3' 

 long), less approximate; perigynia sessile (7" -8" long); achenium broader, 

 with mamillated angles ; scale more awned ; otherwise as in the foregoing, of 

 which it is probably a mere variety. (C. lupulina, var. polystachya, Schw. §• 

 Torr. ) — Swamps, New York to Delaware, &c. 



-t- H- Fertile spikes distant, few- sei^eral-flowered: peiigynia lanceolate, ovate-lanceo- 

 late or spindle-shaped, loose or widely spreading at maturity : staminate spike Small, 

 •short-stalked ; obtusely angular culms and grassy soft leaves smooth. 



134. C. foUieulita, L. Fertile spikes 3-4, remote, 12 - 20-flowered; all or 

 the lowest on exserted peduncles, turning yellowish at matuHty ; pgrigynia taper- 

 ing ovate-lanceolate from a broadish base, short-beaked, at length widely spread- 

 ing, rather exceeding the ovate white rough-awned scale. (C. xanthophysa, 

 Wahl.) — Peat-bog^ New England to Penn., and northward, and in one form 



