648 GBAMINE^. (grass FAMILY.) 



minal panicle more or less enclosed in the sheaths, or with the terminal one at length 

 long-peduncled (P. pedunculatum, Torr.) : — otherwise resembling No. 11; but 

 the spikelets more otoid, often smooth ; the lower flower (always ?) neutral. — Low 

 thickets and river-banks : common. June - Sept. 



13. P. microcArpon, Muhl. Culm and sheaths as in No. 11 ; the broadly 

 lanceolate leaves nearly similar, but longer in proportion and less pointed, not 

 dilated at the rounded bristly-ciliate base, very rough-margined, the upper sur- 

 face roughish ; panicle soon exserted on a slender peduncle, very many-flowered, 

 narrowly oblong (3' - 7' long) ; spikelets only about J" long, ovoid, smooth or 

 smoothish ; lower glume orbicular and very small. (P. multiflorum, Ell. ? not 

 of Pair.) — Dry or moist thickets, Pennsylvania and Michigan to Illinois, and 

 southward. July - Sept. 



14. P. xauthopbjrsuiu. Gray. Culm simple, or at length branched near 

 the base (9'- 15' high) ; sheaths hairy; leaves lanceolate, very acute {4' -6' long by 

 ^' wide), not dilated at the ciliate-bearded clasping base, smooth except the margins, 

 strongly 9-ll-nerved; panicle long-pedunded, very simple, the appresscd branches 

 bearing a few roundish-obovate spikelets {about 1^" long) ; lower glume ovate, 

 acutish, one third or half the length of the 9-nerved upper one. — Dry sandy 

 soil, Maine to Wisconsin, and northward : rare. June. — Plant yellowish-green : 

 spikelets minutely downy : sterile flower sometimes staminate. 



15. P. viscidvun. Ell. Culms upright or ascending, at length much 

 branched, leafy to the top, densely velvety-downy all over, as also the sheaths, with 

 reflexed soft and often clammy hairs, except a ring below each joint ; leaves 

 likewise velvety, lanceolate (J' wide), 11 - 13-nerved; panicle spreading, the lat- 

 eral ones included; spikelets obovate \" or 1^" long, downy; the roundish lower 

 glume scarcely one fourth the length of the 7-nerved upper one. — Damp soil. 

 New Jersey to Virginia, and southward. Aug. 



16. P. pauciflbrum, Ell.'? Cw/ms upright, at length much branched and 

 reclining {1° - 2° long) , roughish ; leaves lanceolate {3' - b' long by i'- 4' wide), 

 rather faintly 9-nerved, hairy or smooth, /ringed on the whole margin or next the 

 base with long and stiff spreading hairs, the sheaths bristly throughout with similar 

 hairs ; panicle open, nearly simple, bearing few tumid-obovate hairy or smoothish 

 spikelets about 1^" long; lower glume roundish, about half or a quarter of the 

 length of the upper one. — Wet meadows and copses, E. Massachusetts to Wis- 

 consin, and southward. June, July. — Distinguished by its much larger spike- 

 lets, more nerved leaves, and coarser aspect, from any form of the next. It has 

 probably been described under several names, some of them earlier than Elliott's. 



++ ++ Leaves linear or lanceolate, with few or indistinct primary ne^-ves. 



17. P. diclldtoinuin, L. ! Culms {8'-20'high) at first mostly simple, 

 bearing a more or less exserted spreading compound panicle (l'-3' long), and 

 lanceolate fiat leaves ( those tufted at the root usually ovate-lanceolate and very 

 short, thickish) ; but commonly branching later in the season, the branches often 

 clustered, and bearing nearly simple and included small panicles ; spikelets J" to 

 about 1" long; oblong-obovate, downy or smooth; lower glume roundish, one third 

 or a quarter the length of the 5- T -nerved upper one. — Founded on an autumnal 

 state of the species, much forked and with densely clustered lateral branchlets 



