TYPHOID 183 



one for the other. By this method the author' examined 

 thirty different colon and typhoid cultures, and in each 

 case obtained the same result. He has been able to 

 recognise the Eberth-Gaffky bacillus, in some cases in so 

 short a time as forty-eight hours after starting the culture. 

 Similar results were obtained with faeces, suitably diluted, 

 contaminated with artificial cultures of the two organisms. 

 Subsequently, on the outbreak of a typhoid epidemic, 

 Dr. Eisner repeatedly examined the faeces of seventeen 

 patients, and in fifteen cases, at various times between the 

 seventh day and sixth week, he isolated the typhoid 

 bacillus, which after isolation was completely identified as 

 the Eberth-Gaff'ky bacillus. 



The colonies had in each case developed in forty-eight 

 hours so as to be easily identified ; in those which were 

 made by taking a loopful of stool and diluting, nothing had 

 grown except the B. coli and the small typhoid colonies, 

 with here and there a few liquefying colonies or easily 

 recognisable yeasts. 



Dr. Chantemesse, of Paris, has recently investigated 

 Eisner's method for the diagnosis of typhoid. The stools 

 of healthy people, those of typhoid patients, and those of 

 patients suffering from the various forms of fever, were 

 submitted to Eisner's method of examination. 



They are divided into three categories : (1) fever patients 

 in the height of the evolution of the fever ; (2) the con- 

 valescent stage ; (3) healthy subjects. In pyretic cases of 

 typhoid, Eberth's bacillus was always present in the stools. 

 Eisner supplies seventeen cases, Lazarus five, and Brieger 

 ten. Among the convalescent, the Eberth-Gaffky baciUus 

 was found thirteen times in eighteen examinations ; it was 

 also detected in the stools of a male nurse in perfect health 

 who attended typhoid patients. M. Chantemesse's personal 

 observations are as follows : Eberth's bacillus was not 



