184 APPLIED BACTERIOLOGY 



detected in a case of erysipelas, nor in the two others of 

 influenza accompanied with fever. In thirteen cases of 

 typhoid the specific bacillus was found. This occurred 

 each time the examination was made; the bacillus thus 

 detected settled the diagnosis, which by clinical examination 

 had not been clearly established. Lazarus has detected 

 the typhoid bacillus in the stools of a patient forty-one 

 daj's after the temperature had fallen to the normal point. 

 The fact that a man in good health can carry in his 

 intestines Eberth's bacillus, and thus disseminate it, throws 

 much light on the so-called ' spontaneous ' origin of typhoid 

 fever. 



The Serum Treatment of Typhoid. — In the course of a com- 

 munication to the Paris Societd de Biologie on February 22, 

 1896, M. Chantemesse said that he had succeeded in im- 

 munising several horses against the virus of typhoid fever. 

 He obtained the serum of such strength that one-fifth of a 

 drop inoculated into a guinea-pig twenty- four hours before 

 infection protected it against a dose of typhoid virus 

 fatal to animals not previously injected with the pro- 

 tective serum. It was ascertained also that injections 

 of the serum produced no injurious effects upon a healthy 

 man. M. Chantemesse stated that he had since employed 

 injections of serum in three cases of typhoid fever. The 

 temperature showed a regular fall from the time the first 

 injection was made, and seven days after the commence- 

 ment of the injections all three patients were quite free 

 from fever, and had commenced to convalesce. M. Chan- 

 temesse added that the cases were not yet sufiiciently 

 numerous to permit of any trustworthy conclusion being 

 drawn. 



Widal and Sanarelli have also succeeded in immunising 

 guinea-pigs against the subsequent intraperitoneal injection 

 of virulent typhoid bacilli by repeated and increasing 



