CHAPTEE IX. 



PNEUMONIA. 



Organisms most frequently found in pneumonia — A large group of 

 cocci have been isolated by Kruse and Panzini — Micrococcus 

 pnewmonicB crouposce — Diplo-baciUus of Friedlander — Morphology 

 of organisms — Methods of staining— Cultural differences — Method 

 of obtaining pure cultures — The organisms may exist in the healthy 

 throat — Value of bacteriological diagnosis — Pathogenesis — Serum 

 treatment — Dr. Washbourn's researches — Practical disinfection. 



The Micrococcus pneumonice crouposce is the most fre- 

 quently occurring organism in pneumonia ; it was found 

 by Sternberg in healthy sputum in the year 1880, and was 

 independently discovered and described by Pasteur a month 

 or two later, and more completely studied by Frankel at a 

 later date. The diplo-bacillus of Friedlander, also known as 

 the diplococcus of Friedlander, was described by him in the 

 year 1883, and is another of the more commonly, occurring 

 organisms associated with pneumonia. It is not so 

 frequently present in pneumonia as the micrococcus of 

 Sternberg. In addition to these two organisms (which in 

 all probability are really two classes or groups of the more 

 frequently -occurring diplococci in pneumonia, the one 

 represented by the micrococcus of Sternberg, and only 

 growing at blood-heat, while the other, represented by the 

 diplo-bacillus of Friedlander, grows at room- temperature), 

 a group of no fewer than nineteen cocci have been isolated 

 from pneumonic sputum by Kruse and Panzini (in the year 



