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cuttings— absolute security— as far as the conservation of those 

 characters is concerned which are inherent, not to a large 

 class of plants, but to certain types, or one might almost say to 

 certain individuals, when dealing with immunity from phylloxera 

 An American vine, isolated amongst native (European) ones, is 

 exposed to be crossed by many of them. Should insects or 

 wind convey pollen from the European to the American flowers 

 hybridization may take place. The seeds subsequently gathered 

 on the American vine will give plants whose resistant qualities 

 will be generally weakened by the influence of the European 

 blood (sap?). But all American seeds are, fortunately, not 

 gathered under such unfavorable circumstances. When received 

 from large American nurseries where few European vines exist, 

 or directly from America, we can look upon the plants raised 

 from them with less suspicion. Those anatomical characters 

 which belong to the best American roots, and which are 

 responsible for their resistance, are, like many others, hereditary. 

 The seeds of these resistant types reproduce, therefore, resistant 

 vines. If the seeds are crosses between two resistant sorts — 

 Eupestris and Cordifolia, for example — they will yet produce 

 plants which are able to brave the phylloxera with impunity. 

 All crosses are not unfavorable as far as we are concerned. 

 Our only danger lies in sowing seeds which are crosses 

 between two sorts, of which one is resistant and the other not 

 so. Here, however, we are protected by the minute study of 

 the young vines obtained from seed; We can, in this way, 

 distinguish between pure types, crosses between two resistant 

 types, and crosses between a resistant and a non-resistant one." 

 It went on to say that by a careful selection, basecj. on the 

 anatomical character of the plant and leaf, vines could be 

 selected which were phylloxera resisting from those which 

 were not. If 1,000 seeds were planted of one vine they 

 might give 700 young plants, and among them there might be 

 perhaps 400 which possessed in a full degree the anatomical 

 characteristics of that vine, and there might be others which 

 departed from the type, and that would lead to the belief that 

 they were hybridized. There might be some more vigorous than 

 others, and by discarding all but the most vigorous there would 

 be perhaps 300 true plants, good for cuttings, and in the space of, 

 say, three years be capable of giving many thousands of cuttings 

 from which they could start their reconstitution. The danger of 

 importing cuttings was the same here as in Switzerland. Switzer- 

 land was an old vine-growing land, and the authorities in France 

 agreed that they were fully up to date in all questions, and they 

 refer to the cultivation in many parts as model cultivation. The 

 vine-growers of Victoria could not go wrong in adopting the same 

 methods as they had done. There was a great deal to learn, and 



